TZEN NIUGINI LIMITED
P O. BOX 119, GORDONS,
NATIONAL CAPITAL DISTRICT, PAPUA NE\I
rELEPHONE: (675) 325 4809, FACSIMILE: (675) 323
ENVIRONMENT
IMPACT STATEMENT
for
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project,
Pomio District, East New Britain Province.
Wide Bay Investments Limited
c/- Tzen Niugini Limited
October 2005
Tabic of Content
ACRONYMS - -- - 6
I BTOl I Iv ,1 Kl S - — - 6
I [STOI PHOTOS - —
KM (ITI\ K SUMMARY g
1 NGLISH -
PIDGIN - - — - — - -
1 . PURPOSE OF THE DE VELOPMENT j 2
1 . 1 INTRODUCTION — - ] 2
1 .2 Purpose of Development 1 2
1 .3 Fourth National Goal AND Directive Principle - - .... ] 3
1 .4 Consistency with Government's Development Strategy - 14
1 .5 Project Development Benefits - - - 1 5
1.5. 1 Projected Revenue — j^
I 5.2 Beneficiaries — <*
2. VIABILITY OF THE PROJECT 17
2. 1 Economic Feasibility
2 1.1 Forest Resource Volume-
- 1 I 1 Forest Resource
2.1.1.2 Markets
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2.2 Project Financing
2.3 Technical Expertise —
2.4 k 1 source owner support —
2.5 LIFE-SPAN and PROJECT DEVELOPMENT PHASES _- -■■ ■ 23
3. DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY 25
3.1 Road _^
ill Proposal ""** ." ~ ~'~ 5
31.2 Location Map "*'
3.1.3 Site selection — ~~
3. 1.4 Hearty Development Activities — _ ~ZZ
3.1.5 Associated Infrastructures- " ,,
3.2 Logging-- ™™™.~" f
32 I Proposal & Process Technologies "_"." ~" „
3.2. 1 . 1 Proposal - f "
3.2. 1 .2 Process Technologies
3 2.2 Location Map — « _ ' "
3 2.3 Site selection - - ' ;
3.2.4 Nearby Development Activii J
3 2 5 Associated Infrastructure "
3.3 on Palm Plantation " """
I Proposal '_Z/ " ~~ " ""!"
Location Map ■ , ""
. Uon ■ '" ?/
<<v Nearby Development Activities-- ~
3 3.5 Associated Infrastructures
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ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT
Ili-Wawas lnte 9 rated Rural Deve.opment Project. East New Britain Province.
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■». DEVELOPMENT TUVreT ABU
s CHARACTERISTICS OP THE RECEIVING ENVIRONMENT
W mi VBLEENVIRONMBNTAI
PHYSK m I
Geomorpkological, Topographical & Geological
J ' ' Natural 01 fnd ,/
1 ' ; Clonal n Regime
Ittyd Meteorological Data
Seasonal Surfaa Warn Quality A ffydrologieat Infi
Seasonal Ground Warn Quality A Flov
Voisi Levels———
! I BlOLOQK \i Lnvikonmini
5.3 I Prorata! Area „
5.3.2 Special Purpose [rem .
5.3 3 Aquatic A Terrestrial Ecology
5.3,4 Vulnerable A Endangered Species -- ~-
Other Relevant Biological Information
5 A Social Environment
5 4 / Demography —
5.4.2 Existing Infrastructure "" *'
5.4.3 Public Health _ "" 43
5.4.4 Economic Status
5.4.5 Social Services **•*
5. 4. 6 Archaeology. History, Culture & Religion -
. POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF PROPOSAL
6. l PHYSICAL Impacts
6. 1. 1 Worst Case Scenarios & Potential Risks
6.1.1.1 Air Emission *"" 47
6.1.1.2 Wastewater Discharge "*" ^
6.1.1.3 Solid Waste— - " - 4T
6.1.1.4 Noise Emission — _ ~ 4S
6.1.1.5 Water Extraction - _ ~ 48
6.2 BIOLOGICAL Impacts -- - _~" "
6.2. 1 Worst Case Scenarios A Potential Risks
6-2.1.1 Fauna 49
62.1.2 Flora „ ' - ' 49
6.3 SOCIAL Impacts „ ~ 4 '
50
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— 47
• tl 63 ' . 0m VW riV** Worst Case Scenarios & Potential Risks —
Degradation in AirOualitv
Degradation in Air Quality
6 3 I 2 Degradation in Water Quality , """*
6.3 1.3 Increased Noise Levels - 5I
6 3.1.4 Land Contamination - " 5I
6 3.1.5 Loss of Food Sources _ 5I
«■ 6.3 1.6 Habitat Loss ~ 52
* « 2 , Group ' B) ['f ac,s: Wors ' Case Scenarios * Potential Risks- _ H
o 6.3.2.1 Social Structure _ ~ ~— 33
63.2.2 Law and Order Issues — - """."." 53
*" til] M| gration and Population lasuw- ...'. "
6.3.2.4 Historical am) Cultural Issues- — . 5 -
6.4 AMBIENT* EMISSION STANDARDS USED . T"
6-5 ASSESsmhni (uuiku i.-.*,.,. ,,,• nv.i«riFw.ia _ -, 4
ASSESSMENT OP RESU IENCE OF THE ENVIRONMENT
WASTE MINIMIZATION, CLEANER PRODUCTION AND ENERGY BALANCE I
7 '' 7 .i/'i::;:; ~s 6
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ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT ~
Ili-Wowa, Inteorated Rural Development Project. East Ne* Britain Province.
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I w mi m.i in. HNH ai BA« KGROUNDON mi PRO i SSI HQS1 N
i Operation -
i W Palm Plantation - — —
W \s 1 1 Minimi/ \ n. in S i R \ 1 1 OV - - - -
7.4.1 Road Construction — 59
7.4.2 Logging Operation - -
Oil Palm Plantation
7.5 I NERI \\ BAi ANCE - - — 60
8. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT, MONITORING AND REPORTING 61
8.1 PLANT OPERATING CONDITIONS, INCLUDING MANAGEMENT & MONITORING S IK \'i
8 - SOCIO-ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT* MONITORING STRATEGY -
Group (A) Impacts - —
8.2.1.1 Degradation in Air Quality - - — _ 63
8.2.1.2 Degradation in Water Quality -
8.2 1 .3 Increased Noise Levels - — - - 64
8.2. 1 .4 Land Contamination ~ 65
8.2.1 .5 Loss of Food Sources 66
8.2. 1 .6 Habitat Loss - - 66
8,2.2 Group (B) impacts <5<5
8.2.2.1 Social Structure - 67
8.2.2 2 Law and Order - _ - 67
8.2.2.3 Migration and Population 67
8.2.2.4 History and Culture— — _ 57
8.3 contingency & emergency plans
8.4 Environment Improvement Plan - 68
8.5 Waste Minimisation & Management Plans
8.5. 1 waste management 6<;
8.5. 1 1 Potential Waste Sources — - 69
8.5.1.2 Categories of Wastes — — _ 69
8.5.1.3 Classification of Wastes _ 70
8.5. 1 .4 Air Emission - - - _ jq
8 .5.1 5 Wastewater Discharge — - „ -
8.5. 1 .6 Solid Waste & Land Contamination - - - 72
8.5.1.7 Noise Emission. - — - - _
8.6 reporting -
8.7 Rehabilitation Plan. _ 75
9. OTHER STATUTORY DECISIONS 76
1 0. CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION 77
11. R E FE R E NC ES 78
12. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 80
1 2. STUDY TEAM 81
APPENDICES g2
r\PPBNDDC(l) No [99^2004 -
APPENDIX (2) Im LRANTBE PROM BANK fel 84
appendix (3) Sample Copies of the <Kssourcb Own 85
appendix(4) road dbskjn standards from dei
environment impact statement
Ili-Wawos Integrated Rural Development Project, East New Britain Province.
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APPENDIX i ") fi (POGRAPH1I M PRl II tLI 01 PR0J1 I ' A.R1 S
\i'!M \im\ (8) Fauna hin Project area —
aiti \m\ ('») i res within Island op Nf
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT
Til US...... T_» A 1 fx I k. 1
Ih-Wowas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
ACRONMUS
i>i '. Department of Environment and <
I >t»\\ 1 Vpattmtni •>! \\ i .1 1. .
I I R rnxneni [n< eption i;
EIS i nvironmeni [mpai 1 Si iti meal
EP 1 nvironmeni IVimu
FFB ii J ■ rim Bunches
LLG Local Level Government
OPRA Oil Palm Producers Association
TA Timbei Vuthority
VOP \ UlagB < Ml P.ii.n
GLOSSARY
Agriculture TA means the project area that will be leased under a Timber Authority for Agriculture
Clearance and developed into oil palm plantations after merchantable logs have been selectively logged.
Developer means Tzen Niugini Limited, a PNG registered Company (IPA Registration Ctrtifieat* No.
and a Forest Industry Participant {Forest Industry Participant No. FI01618) who was nominated by Wide Bay
Investments Linuted as the Developer of the Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project.
Fresh Fruit Bunches means the pan of the oil palm plant that is processed to extract crude palm oil.
Wide Bay Investments Limited means the Proponent and Landowner Company that is made up of
representatives of resource owners from the- lli Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project area of Pomio
District.
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Process for Production of Rough Sawn Timbers
Figure 2. Process for Production of Mouldings
LIST OF PHOTOS
Photo 1. Lowland rainforest
Photo 2. of proposed Base Camp, wharf and jetty
Photo3. imall creeks within prop
Photo 4. Old Japans tery
Photo 5. One of many villages in proK)
Photo 6. Section of the 1 ^ km ro.ul in rundown condition
Photo 7. Cocoa ready for shipmi
primary schools within the proj
Photo 8.
Photo 9. Certain TAs have been logged in th
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
LIST OI ; TABLES
Table 1. 1 >etaila ol * >il Palm Proje< I Area
Table 2. Details of Road Project A
Table 3. Details of Net Operable Area (Oil Pate Project *
Table 4. Description of Operable and Non-operable Areas (< >il Palm Project
Table 5. Details of Forest Resource (Oil Palm Project Area)
Table 6. Forest Resource Volume (Oil Palm Project Area)
Table 7. Schedule of Log Harvest (Oil Palm Project Area)
Table 8. Schedule of Log Budget Utilization (Oil Palm Project Area)
Table 9. Details of Forest Resource (Road Corridor)
Table 10. Infrastructure for Oil Palm Plantation and Processing
Table 11. Project Development Schedule
Table 12. Traditional Uses of Flora and Fauna Species
Table 13. Population Data of Sinivit and East Pomio LLGs
Table 14. Villages Situated within Project Area
Table 15. Existing Infrastructures within Project Area
Table 16. Health Status of Residents within Project Area
Table 17. Data on Existing Social Services within Project Area
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
Executive Summary
Exa alive Summary provides a simple des< ription of the nature of the proji
(.•in Lronmeni and so< io « onomu impa< ta and their managemeni iti
resource owners, Sinivit and Easi Pomio Local Level Govemmeni £LLG), Pon
\.w Britain and Papua New Guinea are also outlined rhe exeeurj
written m English and Tok Pisin to enable stakeholders to participate in di on 'he
impact statement.
ENGLISH
Ptv/Wr Objttfms & Description
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project is an integrated agro- forestry project that
will be established widiin die Sinivk and East Pomio Local Level Government areas in
Pomio District of East New Britain Province.
The project is an initiative of Hon. Paul Tinstein, Minister for Trade and Industry and
Member for Pomio Open, with backing of the resource owners, Sinivk and East Pomio
Local Level Governments and the Provincial and National Governments. Wide Bay
Investments Limited (Proponent and Landowner Company) was incorporated to drive the
project. The Landowner Company has representation from four (4) main tribes (Bainmg,
Mengen, Sulka and Tomoip) which represents twelve (12) landowner groups from Sinivit
and East Pomio forest area.
The project will take place in two phases -
(a) Phase (1): Construction of approximately 135km road that will connect the existing
road at Cape Orford TRP (south W€St Pomio) to Kokopo Ili (east Pomio) under a
Timber Authority for Large Scale Roadline, and
(b) Phase (2): Land Clearance for development of oil palm plantations under a Timber
Authority for Agricultural Clearance.
The primary objective of the initiative by Wide Bay Investments Umited is to bring
development into Pomio District through the agro- forestry project and the construcnon of
the road network to connect Pomio with Kokopo and Rabaul.
ad infrastructure wiU act as the catalyst for agricultural activities to flourish within die
Simvit and Pomio LLG areas and Pomio District, The integrated agro forestry project will
enable a road network to b acted followed by establishment of -.1 palm plants
between lh (Sm.vn LLG) to Wawas villages (Easi Pomio LLG).
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT
Ili -Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
^ nui I. ,\i oil palm plantat will b( initially catabli*]
■ ui r . mi iv iin.i, -i Si ite It '■' .in,! haa an i i li ring oilp
\\ nh .< m-w n.,1,1 iiitMsi.ii, in.,- in pki e, ii is i hat othei i a ih
coffee, copra, cocoa and possiblj spices would thrive within thi
LLG and Pomio District ti a whole becauae ol a essibility, Other bi
uld als< i emergi to cake advantage ol the toad network
aplementary nature of this a rj projecl in d iment'i
policies and us impact on development within the Pomio I Kstrict, the ( abin ned an
-;to\ :il in principle" in 2004
I he agro-forestry project will also bring to fruition the East New Britain provincial road
works program by linking Pomio District with Kokopo and the port of Rabaul.
Improvement in the social services within Pomio District will improve due to the road
infrastructure and the revenue generated from logging and oil palm activity, in the long term.
This outcome is not currendy possible due to limited money given to East New Britain
Provincial Government under the National Government budgetary process.
The cost of funding the 135 km road from Cape Orford TRP (south-west) to Kokopo Ili
(east) under a Timber Authority for Large Scale Roadkne is very high and uneconomical due
to low density of productive forest within the proposed 40 meter corridor. Current resource
data indicated diat only 38.7 km out of 135 km has productive forests. This is equivalent to
an estimated total volume of 3,250m 3 of logs, which is not economical to sustain the high
Operating costs of constructing the road infrastructure including bridges and culverts.
In order for the integrated agro-forestry proposal to be economically viable, Wide Bay
Investments Limited is also applying for a Timber Authority for Agricultural Clearance. This
means that logs would be extracted through selective logging prior to land clearance of
selected sites within the project area for establishing oil palm plantations (large plantations
and village-oil-palm blocks). Revenue from log exports set aside under the infrastructure
fund (Kl.OO/tn) will be used to fund the completion of the 135 km road.
It is envisaged that land clearance for oil palm plantation would only occur at locations
starting at 5 km to a distance of 10 km inland from the shoreline under a Timber Authority
for Agricultural Clearance. The reason for this is that land areas at distances less than 5 km
ace not suitable for oil palm planting due to high salinity content of the soil.
Land would be cleared for oil palm after it has been selectively logged. Pockets of areas
identified as having environmental significance (environmental constraints, buffer zones,
etc.) would be preserved in accordance with PNG Logging Code of Practice and the
( rovemment'a environment policies.
Sdeciw ; undei ihe limber Authority for Agricultural Clearance ■ up to
(20) yeas Developmem ofofl palm plantations and enrichment plantings of local
commercial species would occur within logged ovei areas after .ms of economical value
have been logged.
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province
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u,l investors to inv< I in th< projei I II.. i m
"' """ "' igreement with I ai 1 ted
I Projt ( r
"' Wftwas Integrated Rural Development Project will
-J owners and other* within Pomio Dia m, i , , ,, ,ult ,,t <i„
development will bring rbe «onomi< effei i oi tht proje<
Pomio LLGa and Pom as a whole will be determined by the m
«J people embrace me project and the benefit streams fcoro this de
The potentia] biophysical impacts of the proposed agio fon.Mrv project will i. and
«_* are connected with the different stages in the development, 6
logging operation to establishment of oil palm plantation.
•m T" e potential risks of biophysical environmental impacts include -
(a) water: water quality degradation due to soil erosion, pesticide and fertilizers runoff
and wastewater discharges of sewage effluent and palm oil mill effluer; I
(b) land: land pollution due to chemical contamination, poor soil qualm through
L-sive application of fertilizers, solid waste dis;
(c) air: impact on air quality due to emission of hydrocarbons from motor
vehicles /machinery and generator sets, incineration of combustible mater:
emissions from palm oil mill, foul odour from landfills, odour from palm
• | "^ effluent treatment ponds and sewage treatment ponds, etc.
(d) noise: noise pollution would arise from use and servicing of motor vehicles and
machinery, generator set, etc.
These .ssues will be managed through compliance with PNG Logging Code of Practice and
environmental policies, guidelines and codes of practices issued by DEC
t- will be incorporated into the Environment Management and Monitoring Plan and
implemented rigorously to manage the environmental risks associated with agro-fore
activity.
PIDGIN
lb Wawaa Projek em i bai long Sinivit aa East Pomio Local Governa
Pomio Distnk ti Mill Hntan IVo .
em . ;,s tingting bilong Memba bibng Pomio Hon
bnngim devdopmer, .go .man to Sinivii na Bast Pomio 1 i , i on g
oioLocalt
oaa i BupcMttim disp la agrikalsa eu fo
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT " ~~ " Jq
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
w »d< Baj tnveBtmi n Kampaa ii bilong ol papa graun i g
Dispela kampani i makim fepela | h baus line em Bain
fltftlpela \ us til !• mg dj pels pro}< I an i
Dispela agrikaba aa forestri projek bai stai wantaim wokim bikpela roi
joinim rot long Cape I »rfbrd igo bung waifsira Kokopo Hi aninii long Tlmba Pemil bilong
W.'kim tad wed Naainal Forestri Departtnen bai gjvim. Bihain long dispela, bai
long katina duwai bng area we bai Kampani bai i planim oil pani long em I
Icam aninii long Hmba Pemil bilong ^grii
As tingting bilong dispela projek em long brmgim devolopmen i kam in
Distrik. Dispela rot we bai igo bungim Kokopo na Rabaul bai helipim ol narapt L
projek olsem kopi an kakau long kamap insait long Distrik bilong wanem bai igat gutpi
long kisim ol kopi an kakau na ol narapela samting igo long maket long Kokopo na R
Wok bilong oil pam bai star wantain pes plantasen we Kampani bai kamaptm long Me
Nasinel Goveman i hamamas tru long dispela wok devclopmen na i bin givim apruvol bilong
em taim ol Kabinet ibin bung long 2004.
Dispela agrikalsa na forestri projek bai i halipim tu East Niu Britan Provinsel Goveman long
sait biiong wokim rot insait long provins bikos dispela rot bai joinim Pomio wantaim
Kokopo na Rabaul. Dispela wok developmen bai bringim tu sosol sevis lkam insait long
Pomio District bilong wanem ol man-meri bai igat sans long painim wok or kisim royati
mam long graun na bush bilong ol taim Kampani katim duai na planim oil pam long graun
we Kampani i kisim aninit long lis.
Dispela wok projek i bai go map olsem 20 yia. Tasol, sapos oil pam plantasen we Kampani
bai planim na we Kampani halipim ol papa-graun long kamapim oil pam plantasen bilong ol
yet, em bai makim wok oil pam igo moa long 20 years. Kampani tu igat plan long pudm
wanpela oil pam mill long Melvo behain long ol i kirapim pinis ol oil pam plantasen.
Kampani i luksave tu olsem dispela wok devolopmen bai brigim tu Uklik hevi long sait bilong
tnvuonmen olsem na em i bai putim ol plan long mekim so olsem ol hevi bai ino bikpela
tumas. Nasinel Goveman undanit long Depatmen bilong Envkoflnea na Konsaveson igat lo
bilong lukautim enviromen taim wok devolopmen ikamap. Dispela lo em bai Kampani bai l
bihainim na sapos Kampani i brukim dispela lo bilong lukautim environmen em bai
Goveman bai ikon kotim em.
Sampela hevi long environmen we bai kamap taim wok developmen isfat em -
■ wara we bai dati liklik,
■ pies we kampani bai kuum cabis biiong cm bai lukaiap likiik, na
■ liklik nous na simuk bai kamap taim Kapani kur iwok long r-.n
Dispela "I bevi bai Kampani i ttaim bes bilong cm bag noken mekiro kamap bikpela tm
na bai bihainim lokiok na lo \vc Goveman i putim long luLuiltm cm in. men. Kampani ru bai
l.chanim wc bilong katim duwai we Forestri na EnvironmcB Depatmen putim insait long
I <oging buk.
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT U
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project, East New Britain Province.
1. Purpose of the Development
1.1 INTRODUCTION
This Environmental [mpacl Statement (EIS) documents all potential and
socio-economi< issue-- that ace likely to arise as a result of the proposed Hi
forestrj project rhe management measures for each of thi | liesc
commitments by the Developer will ensure that an appropriate management I rut in
place hi ordci to avoid and minimize the negative impacts of the project.
1.2 PURPOSE OF DEVELOPMENT
The primary objective of rhe development project proposed by Wide Bay In
Limited is to bring socio-economic development into Pomio District, especially the Sinivir
and East Pomio Local Level Government areas (LLGs). This objective will be achii
dirough implementation of the agro-forestry project and the establishment of rhe road
network to connect Pomio with Kokopo and Rabaul.
Through this impact project, the development goals of Pomio District under rhe 1 ji
Development Plan will be realized. The economic growth within the district will dn
contribute towards attainment of the broader Provincial and National Government
Development Strategies.
The specific objectives that will be achieved dirough this development project are -
1. Improvement in social services.
There will be a general improvement in social services within Sinn it and Bast Pomio
LLGs and Pomio District as a whole, through project assistance to schools, aid posts,
etc. by construction of new buildings and/or refurbishment of existing buildings Water
tanks will be provided to villages for supply of clean and safe drinking water \ Sages
located next to the Base (amps at Tot, Hi and Kiep will benefit from free supp
electricity People living in Pomio District will benefit from the road network to gain
access to markets in Kokopo and Rabaul
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Provision of employment opportunities.
Employment will be provided during road construction, logging operation
establishing the oil palm plantations. It is estimated that around 500 people wi
employed in the above activities while .m additional 50 people will be engaged when the
sawmill becomes operational. Indirect emplo well as self-employment will
be created through spinoff businesses. Employment Opportunities created by die
■ will contribute towards tech* tvetty level within Pomio 1 >istrict
ENVIRONMENT IMP/ACT STATEMENT T2
Ili-Wawos Integrated Rural Development Project, East New Britain Province.
V Generation <>t revenue.
Revenue will b< generated Lnitiallj from the I
benefi) the resource owners and the LLGs throi lishment oi cation
Fund, IgricultutaJ Fund, Infrastructure Fund, Bu irn D
Community Servic< ■ Fund. Resource owners, through the Landownei < ompany, will
receive rimber Royalties and Premium Payments Provincial :
from the Provincial Government Grants while the National Government will tti
Log i Kpon i 'ax
In the longer term, owners of customary land in which oil palm plantation is i
under the "lease lease- back" arrangement will receive rental tees and royalties while
owners of village-oil-palm (VOP) blocks will continue to generate income from sale of
fresh fruit bunches (FFBs) to the palm oil mill that will be established during Year 7 of
operation. With an agriculture base, long-term revenue source for the resource owners,
Pomio District and East New Britain Province looks promising.
4. Spin-off businesses.
Spin-off businesses will also thrive as a result of the agro-forestry project. These
additional activities may include fishing, garden food, cash crops, PlVfV service and so
on. Assistance will be provided in establishing the village-oil-palm schemes. Other cash
crops such as vanilla, coffee, copra, cocoa and spices will also flourish in the District as a
result of the road network.
1.3 FOURTH NATIONAL GOAL AND DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLE
Any development activity undertaken in Papua New Guinea (PNG) has to be carried out in
accordance with die Fourth National Goal and Directive Principle of the National
Constitution of PNG. This is shown by the ability of die Developer to demonstrate
commitment to the conservation of natural ecosystems and protection of environmental
values within the proposed project area.
The Fourth National Goal states that -
"We declare our fourth goal to be for Papua New Guinea natural resources
and environment to be conserved and used for the collective benefit of us all
and to be replenished for the benefit of future generations. "
In recognition of the above guiding principle, the Developer will unreservedly observe the
kej objectives m the PNC! National Constitution and ensure that the •gro-forestrj project is
'lined out in a sustainable manner in accordance with the Government's Sustainable
Devefopmeni Policy and National Foreai Policy, In addition, natural ecosystems and
environmental values thai are identified within ili< projeei area as being of national, cultural,
archaeological or en <\ significance will be demarcated and protected
i.
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT H
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project, East New Britain Province.
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II CONSISTENCY will l GOVERNMENTS DEVELOPMENT
STRATEGY
lln proposed development will complement me Ni nal Govemmen
I ■'. on. mui. Re« overj Poli( \. Sustainable Development Policy, National Forest PoKi
"( -n en Revolution" Strategy, whit h promotes socio e< onomic growth throu ligation
and expansion in th< agriculture sectoi Thi agro fo ject u ain
cio-economi< development at the rural area through i sustainable and '
ulruraJ .i' tn itj
llu' project will also contribute towards attainmeni of the Government's P
Strategy and odier related policies under the Medium Term Development Strategy through
supporting the Government's effort in providing social services (health, education,
direct and indirect employment, income generation and creation of spin off bus)
activities.
Government's development goals will be complemented within Pomio District through
downstream processing and export of merchantable logs extracted from within the road
corridor and die project area designated for oil palm development. In accordance with the
Forest Policy, enrichment plantings will also be carried out using local commercial tree
species. The establishment of an agriculture base through oil palm plantations and village-oil
palm blocks will support sustainable development strategy and green revolution concept
through long-term agriculture growth within the District.
The road link will not only present an stimulus for economic growth due to oil palm
development in Pomio District but also provide market accessibility to Kokopo and Rabaul
and therefore encouraging growth in other agricultural activities such as vanilla, coffee,
copra, cocoa and spices.
Due to the complementary nature of this agro-forestry project in driving National
Government's policies and development agenda within the Pomio District, the Cabinet has
issued an "approval-in-pnnciple" for the project through NEC Decision No. 199/2004
(Appendix 1).
The agro-forestry project will also bring to reality the East New Bntam Provincial
Government's provincial road-works program by Unking Pomio District with Kokopo and
the port of Rabaul. Improvement in the social services within Pomio District will become
apparent as a result of the road infrastructure and die revenue generated from logging and
oil palm activity, in the long term. This outcome is not currently possible due to limited
annual budgetary allocations given to East New Britain Provincial Government (and
subsequendy the Sinivit and East Pomio l.l.Gs) and the absence of a road network linking
Pomio with kokopo and Rabaul.
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT ~~ " f4
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
J
U PROJECT DEVELOPMENT BENEFITS
i in »gro forestry project w ill boost boi to e< i inomii grov, ch in Pomio Distri<
Britain Province Development benefits dial will i>. derived from the project include
improved sot ial sen ii es (health and edut ation), employment benefii , ipin oft bi
infrastructures tike toeds and bridges, and water supplies Fri t electrii itj w ill b< provid
rot, Hi and Kiep villages due to their dose proximity to the proposed b ality oi thi
I .mips
the financia l benefits from the logging operation will be immediate compared to the
financial returns from the oil palm development activity. Benefits that will be gem
during log harvesting from the road corridor and the project area designated foi
development are described on the next page.
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT ~~ ~ R
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
1,5.1 Projected Revenue
II i c projected revenut from sale ol round logs tnd <\\ n timber product
I upon Round I og »alei K586,800,000.00
Sawn limber sales - K K6,-Hm.),ihhuhi
Total
b K673,200,00O.0U
1.5.2 Beneficiaries
Details ol the beneficiaries frona revenue generated from sale of round li
products are provided below,
Recipients
Amount
(a) Landowners
rimber Royalties (KlO.OO/m 3 )
Premium P.u mcnls (KI.IK)/ m v )
Sub-Total:
(d) Development Fund
Sub-Total:
(e) National Government
Ejcpori Tax (K62.20)
Corporate/With-holding Tax
Sub-Total:
(0 Management Fee
jKl-50 of export vol.)
Sub-Total:
(g) Project Net Pro fit
Sub-Total:
TOTAL AMOUNT:
£31,150,000.00
= K I 1 ,736,000.00
Sub-Total: = K45,820,000.00
(b) Provincial Government
Provincial Government
Derivation Grant (K0.50 of export vol.) = Kl ,467,050.00
Sub-Total: = Kl,467,050.00
(c) Production and Administration Cost
(Direct cost & Total overheads) = K368.81 8,535.00
= K368,818,535.00
- K15,575,000.00
= K15,575,000.00
K182,494,800.00
Kl 1,761,208.00
= K194,256,008.00
I, k401.000.00
K4,401,000.00
''0.1117.1)0
= K45,7%,407.00
= K673,200,000.<)0
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT ~~
Ili-Wowos Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
T6
\
L
2. Viability of the Project
> h.ipi. i ' dis< raw i the viability ol Hi. agp i forestry proji 1 1 in
\ olume, iiiinn ing and laodownei support
2.1 ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY
! he project is economically feasible as an integrated agro-forestry project but not as a stand-
alone oil palm project. This is because the cost of constructing the 135 km road
corridor) is substantially high. Since the road construction cost will be borne solely bv rhe
Developer, the huge amount of money spent must be recovered from somewhere. Wide Bay
Investments Limited has structured the project proposal to make it economically viable for
die Developer to invest by promoting the sale of merchantable logs salvaged from the road
corridor during road construction and from selective logging within the project area
designated for oil palm development. Revenue from sale of logs set aside in the
Infrastructure Fund will be used in completing the road infrastructure.
Revenue from oil palm would not be available immediately until about seven (7) years after
planting when the palms reach maturity and produce fresh fruit bunches. A palm oil mill will
be established at Year 7 of operation (five years after establishment of a nuclear oil palm
estate) through a joint venture between the Landowner Company and the Developer to
process FFBs into palm oil for export to overseas markets.
Therefore, in order to ensure that there are sufficient funds available to offset the
' . operational costs of the road construction, it is essential that selective logging is conducted
concurrendy in the project area prior to conversion of selected areas into oil palm plantation
and village oil palm schemes.
2.1.1 Forest Resource Volume
I
I - Oil Palm Project Area
1 The P ro ) ect boundary for the oil palm project commences along the coast of Cape Bogan,
Simbali, Tomoip, Wide Bay and Kolmal. It starts from south of Merai village on the mouth
I - of Merai River in Sinivit LLG and extends inland from the coast to about fourteen (14)
1 kilometers and runs parallel to the coast to Wawas village which shares the border with
OrfofiJ TRP in East Pomio LLG. The project area comprises a total land area of
I approximately 171,000 hectares and is div.dcd into twelve (12) customarj sones -
I
I
Tribal Groups
J . BamitiR
3. Sulka - Mengen Mix
4. Tomoip
6, Mcngi
Timber Areas
Hi , K uong, Marunga, Simbali
Lamesipun
Kukakim, Lote-Kamlang
■". 1 aka< , Ki waigu
Kaluao
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT " J7
IH-Wgwos Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province
■ . ii trot u ithin (li< oil palm projet i boundarj . w hi< h
I imbei luthoritj foi Igxicultun I lletnni i is iuh dn idod into
\uthontiea fTA) is shi iv n b< l< w
Tabic I Details of Oil Palm Project Area
Timber Authority
No.
Timbei Authority
Name
An .•
(ha.)
TA-1.
Ili
10
1 \ -2.
Katong
TA - 3.
Marunga
'.]
TA - 4.
nbali
TA-5.
State Land
TA-6.
Kermen
22,401
TA - 7.
Lote-Kamlang
23,060
TA - 8.
Lakae
12,257
TA - 9.
Kiwaigu
TA - 10.
Kokakim
10,421
TA- 11.
Tesata
TA-12.
Kaluan
TOTAL:
171.000
NOTE; 171,0(«> h, ■ i nniiiki.J for ctu project
Ko.id Corridor
On the other hand, the boundary for the 135 km road with 40 m corridor which runs from
Cape Orford TRP (south-west) to Kokopo Ili (east) and connects the twelve (12) TAs, has a
total area of 538 hectares as shown in the Table below —
J
Table 2 - Details of Road Project Area
Description of
Different Road Segments
Distance
(km)
Width
(m)
Area
(ha.)
TA-1: Ili
12.7
40
30.8
TA - 2: Karong
26.7
40
106.8
TA - 3: Marunga
12.0
'40
48.0
TA - 4: Simbali
13.3
40
53.2
TA - 5: State Land
2.1
40
8.4
TA - 6: Kermen
19.1
40
76.4
TA - 7: Lote-Kamlang
10.7
40
42.8
TA - 8: Lakae
9.7
40
38.8
TA - 9: Kiwaigu
7,6
40
30.4
TA- 10; Kokakim
20.8
(aggregate disi
40
TA- 11: Tesata
40
ilume)
TA-12: Kaluan
40
TOTAL
134.7
40
538.8
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
T&
i-
i
2
if
v >a two o 'i" i >ev< lopei i ondm ted thi
PN< i I "ir i \ ui )i. .< n \ ( ondui ted forest cesourci w
i""l (sutvej documents) which resulted in .1 few timbei permits bi
operations w ithua the projei t area
h i\ 1 new 1 CA8< 'I
I nnlnr Arc. is
Developer
Year I»gged
1. Kaluan
Niugiin 1 ,umbei
2002
2. Lote-Kamlang
Kerewara Ltd
V Simbali
Iky Timber Co.
2000
Kerewara Ltd
2002
4. Simbali Extension
Open Bay Timber Co.
1990
5. Hi
Kerewara Ltd
; ( )peradon only
Recent surveys conducted by the Developer and Wide Bay Investments Limited were &om
1" - 31" Much 2004 and 8"' - 15 ,h March 2005. The continuous strip-line method was used
during the two surveys,
2.1.1.1 Forest Resource
Oii PaJtn Project Area
\nalvsis of the data obtained from the forest resource surveys showed that the proposed oil
palm project area to be leased under a Timber Authority for Agriculture Clearance is
categorized as lowland rainforest and comprised of two major forest types. They are Small
Crowned and Medium Crowned forest types. The total area of coverage in terms of the
loggable area is tabulated below.
Table 3 - Details of Net Operable Area (Oil Palm Project Area)
Forest Type
Small Crowned - forest type
Medium Crowned - forest type
TOTAL:
Area Covered (ha.)
98,500
60,500
150,000
On the other hand,
certain areas within the
project area will not be
logged due to certain
const! ainrs (karst,
inundation, cultural sites,
etc.) and restricted under
the PNG Logging Code
of Practice. Other areas
are classified as "non-
timber areas" since these
siu-s do not have
merchantable bg sp<
and tins also refers to die
log-over sites within the project area.
Photo 1 . Lowland rainforest.
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT
Ili-Wawos Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province
T5
V
V
%
1 hi i i tad desi option o\ operabli and non opi rabl< i
palm projei i urea Ea pa n an d in I able I
i ii.i. i Description of Operable and Non-operable Areas
(Oil Palm Project Area)
Description
J ommen 1 1 1 1 \ forested operabl
Steep and Rock] non operable area
Mill., i \rr.i non operabli ari a
n >TAL
An .. (h.i.)
150,000
171,000
I be fores! resource within the oil palm project area is sub-divided into twelve (12) I
\ui1kmh\ ( T i) areas, as shown in Table 5.
Table 5 - Details of Forest Resource (Oil Palm Project Area)
Timber Authority
Description
Gross Axea
(ha.)
TA-1IU
TA - 2: Karong
TA - 3: Marunga
TA - 4: Simbali
TA - 5. State Land
TA - 6: Kermen
TA - 7: Lote-
Kamlang
TA - 8: Lakae
TA - 9: Kiwaigu
TA - 10: Kokakim
TA-ll:Tesata
10,626
Net
Area (ha.)
22,325
21.253
30,537
10,000
22,401
23,060
12,257
8,120
TA - 12: Kaluan
TOTAL:
10,421
(aggregate
volume)
9,321
19,592
18,713
27,296
10,000
18.490
20.482
10,452
7,213
8,441
Volume per
Hectare (mVha.
-mean/net)
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
Estimate
Volume (m 3 )
195,741
411,432
392,973
573,216
210,000
388,290
21
2!
171,000
150,000
21
21
21
NOTE: Gross Volume per Hectare (m'/ha. - mean/gross) = 28.
21
430,122
219,492
151,473
177,261
(aggregate rtJume)
3,150,000
A summary of the forest resource volume within the project area that will be extracted and
sold as finished timber products or as round logs is tabulated below.
J[j?bk^-^orestJRe source Volume (Oil Palm Project Area)
Gross Area
Net Area
Description
Average Stand Density
Gross Volume
Less 25% allowance for sampling
and defects
171,000 hectares.
Quantity
150,000 hectares
28m ^ per hectares
4,200,000 m 3
1,050,000 m 3
3,150,000 m'
Net Volume
IT
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT " "
Ili-Wowas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
~?0
I he h im eating rati b i al< ul n. d w ith i onsideration oi d<
operation foi up to 50 f( irs, complemented with enrichment planting ol fa
iter tpi ( [I
aerated from the sale of finished timber products and round logs in th< 5j
oi operation would be used to establish the oil palm plantations tad completi th<
construction of the I S5 km toad network.
rhesumnMurj ol the logging schedule and bg budget is given in fable r and fable 8, to
Table 7 - Schedule of Log Harve st (Oil Palm Projec t Area)
Project
Year
PY 1-5
PY6-10
PY 11-20
Proposed
Annual Cut
200,000
180,000
125,000
Total Volume
(™ 3 >
1,000,000
900,000
1,250,000
Total
505,000
3,150,000
M vir. Allowable \nnual < Xu j \.\c\ will be recalculated after establishment of forest plantation
ing tree species, \ \( will b( calculated after discussion with PNG Patm Authority and pi
m the Five Yeat I •Ogging PLin and Annual l.oiiinm; Plan.
Project Year
Export Volume
Sawmill Input
(m*>
Total Volume
PY 1-5
964,000
36,000
1,000,000
PY6-10
840,000
60,000
900,000
PY 11-20
1,130,000
120,000
1,250,000
Total
2,934,000
216,000
3,150,000
During the first to third year (PY 1-3) of operation, only round logs will be exported and
revenue generated would be used to offset operational expenses, as well as the payment of
ies and taxes. The sawmill will be established at Tol during the third year (PY 3) of
operation Most of the log ourpur in the first three years by portable sawmill will be US
building camp facilities as well as for consumption in the project area.
Read Corridor
The forest resource survey showed that merchantable log within the boundary of the 135 km
toad ( very minimal and not economical to offset the costs associated with tfu
miction as shown m the Table on the next page.
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT "
II.-Wqwqs Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province,
Tl
j
J
1
1
!
J
J
1
1
J
Table 9 Details <>i Poren Resource (Road Corridor)
Description <>i
Different Road Segments
Area
(ha.)
Volume per
1 Ii < (.ii- {Hi '/li.i j
Rntin
Volume '
I A 1 II,
noil
I \ ' Karong
106.8
1 \ v M tiunga
Ui ii
1 \ 1 Simbali
53.2
oo.o
o.o
l\ 5 State Land
8.4
oo.o
TA - 6: Kermen
76.4
0,0
TA - 7: Lote-Kamlang
42.8
TA - 8: Lakae
38.8
00.0
0.0
T.\ - 9: Kiwatgu
30.4
0.0
TA- lOKokakim
83.2
• gate volume)
00.0
TA-ll:Tesata
TA-12:Kaluan
TOTAL
538.8
0.0
3,250.8
Out of the total road length of 135 km, only 38.7 km contained productive forest with a
gross volume of 3,250 m\ This volume is recorded during the resource survey and only
occurs between Karong (TA-2) and Marunga (TA-3).
2.1.1.2 Markets
Major oversea markets for the tropical round logs are Malaysia, Taiwan, China, Japan and
possibly South Korea. On the other hand, sawn timber products would be sold locally as
well as exported to Taiwan, Australia, South Korea and New Zealand. The expected prices
tor the tropical round logs and finished timber products are summarued below.
/• Round Lops
(a) Annual Export Volume (average) = 148,000 m 1
(b) FOB Price (average) = K200.00 per m 1
2. Sawn Timbers
■ Annual Input Capacity
■ Annual Output (45% recovery)
■ Average Price
2.2 PROJECT FINANCING
= 12,1)00 m 3
= 5,400 m 3
= K400.00 per to?
J ^;r, eStry P /°' eC ! WlU reqUJte "**«*" ca P» aI vestment. The cost of consrrucnon
TW, ? c Tt nmV ° rk ( mc,udin 8 b » d g e * »nd culverts) is substantial and the
Developer wdl fund the initial cost. The estimated capital investment if, the logging
|'!>-non mckdmg purchase of logging equipment & machinery, establishment of 2
, -camp and I working capital, etc is approximately K60. OOO.OOO.OO. The money will bJ
secured bj the Developer and injected into the Ili-Wawas agro-forestry project
SSfc?.*" agr,>f ° reStry P ro ' ect wm bc — ' fa. Bank fab* fJmked of Mdayak
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT ~ " ~ '
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province
T2
2.3 TECHNICAL EXPERTISE
i h. Developei has technical expertise and skills in construction of log
accordance with die PNG Logging! ode oi Practice, which i
Department of Works (DoW) standards foi toad Prior to < it oi
construction work on the I $5 km toad, the I toW would be consulted to
Ion road network (including bridges rnd culverts) is constructed in ao b the
required standards ■' i thai It can be easily converted into national toad after certifi* attofl
I lu Developer also Has a vast knowledge and experience in logging operarios and has
current operations at Bast, West and Central Arowe TRPs in West New Britain Provil
Qiese knowledge and skills would be utilized in ensuring that the salvage logging operation
within the road corridor as well as selective logging within the oil palm project area is earned
out in accordance with the PNG Logging Code of Practice and other conditions impose by
DEC.
For development of oil palm plantation and village oil palm blocks, the Developer will
engage rural extension officers from East New Britain to assist with establishment of the
plantation and conduct rural outreach programs. Skilled oil palm plantation managers will be
recruited from Malaysia to oversea the planning and development of the oil palm plantation
on selected sites within the project area with the nuclear oil palm estate at Melvo valley.
2.4 RESOURCE OWNER SUPPORT
The project is an initiative of Hon. Paul Tinstein, Minister for Trade and Industry and
Member for Porruo Open with endorsement from landowners within the Sinivit and East
Pomio areas of Pomio District. The project is being promoted by Wide Bay Investments
Limited with representation from twelve (12) land-owing clans within the project area with
National Member for Pomio Open being the Chairman.
Sample copies of the Resource Owners consents are attached (Appendix 3).
2.5 LIFE-SPAN AND PROJECT DEVELOPMENT PHASES
■
mm
The lli-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project will be developed over a 20 sears
period. This is the timeframe where the log harvesting of natural forest will ceased while
■ nilion on plantation forest will commence. On the other band, rln- opera!
the- oil palm plantanon and the palm oil mill will extend the life the project beyond the 2<>
years period. Extensions to tfae project life will dependent Ofl the renewal of land leases on
which the oil palm plantations are established.
Ih-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project was scheduled to commence is the 5rsi
H u;,m is a slight ddavdm to taining relevam
approvals ( >,„ c the approvals arc obtained bj Wtdebay Investments Limited, the project
will commence operation In fil . oi 2006.
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT ?3
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project, East New Britain Province.
Roads would be established during '>•■'■ i oi operation Con
commence on the 135 km road by connecting thi existing toad it ' ape Orfbrd ITU
soum-wesi Pomio to Kofeopo 111 in the east undet Ehe Amber Authority foi Lai
EtotcDme I ogging roads will also I"' established in the i omplt ted si ctions of the 1 55 km, in
order i" enable selet tire losing to occur concurrently li is anticipated thai the 1 55 km
network will be completed during the first jreau oi operation but this n until the
eatlj pan oi Y( U ' of operation due to unforeseen del
Logging operation will start during Year 1 of operation after the establishment of Base
Camps and Wharf & Jetty. Salvage logging will commence with the extraction of
merchantable logs from within the 135 km road corridor. Selective logging within the oil
palm project area will start once the logging roads are constructed and coups and set
have been demarcated and clearance on the Five Year and the Annual Logging Plans are
obtained from PNG Forest Authority.
Sawmill and associated timber processing facilities will be established during Year 3 of
operation while plantation forest will be set up during Year 10 of operation. Based on the
current forest resource data and the annual allowable cut, it is estimated that logging
operation will continue for the next 20 years. However, this may change upon verification bv
PNG Forest Authority.
Oil Palm
The nuclear oil palm estate will be established during Year 3 and Year 4 of operation at
Mevlo valley. On the other hand, it is expected that village-oil-palm blocks will be set up
soon after the establishment of nuclear estate, during Year 5 of operation and onwards after
an oil palm nursery is established at Melvo valley.
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
3. Description of Proposed
Development Activity
The diffetenl components oi the lli-Wawas Integrated Rural Developmi
abed in Chapter v [fee diffetenl components of the project ate (1) toad co
under tin- I \ foi I arge Scale Roadline, (2) logging opetation undei l'\ 6m Agriculturi
l K-.ir.iiuc, and i J) establishment of oil palm plantations, village oil palm bloi ki and palm oil
mill.
3.1 ROAD
The first phase of die agro-forestry project will be the construction of approximately 135 km
road network that will connect the existing road at Cape Orford TRP (south-west, to
Kokopo Ili (east) under a Timber Authority for Large Scale Roadline.
3.1.1 Proposal
Work on die 135 km road (40 meters width) will involve upgrading of abandoned roads in
rundown state in certain areas of the road alignment whilst new roads will be constructed in
areas where there is none in existence. Current forest resource data indicated that only 38.7
km out of 135 km road corridor has productive forests. This is equivalent to an estimated
total volume of 3,250m of logs and is not economical to sustain the high operating costs of
the road infrastructure including construction of bridges and culverts.
However, the capital invested by the Developer in the construction of the 135 km road can
only be recovered from sale of merchantable logs salvage from die road corridor and from
selective logging within the oil palm project area prior to conversion of selected sites into oil
palm plantation.
I he road would be regarded as a logging road during its construction and while the logging
operation is in progress. Progressive upgrading of the road (e.g. from log-bridge to
fabricated metal bridge) will be carried out by the Developer to meet the Department of
Works (Dow) standards. I pen completion, a formal certification will be conducted by DoW
before transferring and reclassifying the road as a national road for supervision and
maintenance In the National Government.
The road will be constructed using Koffl D155A, Kom D701.T, Motor Grade* CAT I20G
< ompactor, Bucket Loader CAT966, Excavator KOM PC200, Dumptruck NISSAN l,
and other appropriate machinery. The planning and design ol the 135 km road including
, u, ;;' s v ; lul l -; ll ; vns ** ** undertaken bj professional * • eers in accordance with
the 1 )oW road , , „ \,, n \ s (Appendix 4).
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT "" —35
Ih-Wawos Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
, r, , logging within
>rd m. . u i i ii I. l.i p < l in the PNi ' < >di • >l Pnu t» •
i In .u in it) w ill begin u uii the ' tur\ ej ol thi prop< i
r<'lc\ .mi . ngine< tin ch at thi gi adii ni i< >il itrucfu
. .1 iblish the beii routt at minimum cost. However, thi construction of tb< I
associated inrrastrui hire in mi I apt < >rfbrd 'I 'HI' (south m st) to Kokopo II ill be
done m accordance with the design standards from the Departmeni <>t Woj k
3.1.2 Location Map
llu- map el' the 135 km road from Cape Orfonl I RP (south west) to
pirn ided in Appendix 5.
3.1.3 Site selection
The proposed route for the 135 km road network is based on the need to connect the
exiting abandon roads as well as to ensure diat the most economical route is followed m
areas where there is no road in existence. Preliminary survey of the proposed route indicated
that it would be economical as well as environmentally friendly to construct the road
through the forested areas indicated due to absence of ecological and biophysical constr
3.1.4 Nearby Development Activities
Presendy, there are no major development activities adjacent to the proposed road alignment
that may contribute additive effects to background pollution levels.
On the other hand, road construction will only have localized effects, which will be furrher
minimized by observing appropriate environmental guidelines. These biophysical impacts
will dissipate as the road works move to another location and natural processes of
stabilization and vegetation growth takes effect.
3.1.5 Associated Infrastructures
Bridges and culverts that are constructed along the 135 km road will comply with the I
design standards. On the other hand, bridges and culverts for the logging roads within the
oil palm project area will be constructed in accordance with the requirement "NG
Loggu^g Code of Practice.
3.2 LOGGING
The logging phase will commence with salvage logging operation within the 40 meter
c " md " r d cd [TUP (south
V-> H> (east) under a Timber Authority for Large Scale Roadlme |
•< en established, M I -ing operation will commence concurrently under a
Umber Authority tor vXgnculture ( I
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT " ? 6
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Bntain Province.
3.2.1 Proposal & Process Technologies
3.2.1.1 Proposal
rin- logging operation thai \\ ill be undertaken under the Timber Vuthorities fot Large Scale
line and Agriculture Clearance are quite -similar and are described below.
hifnistrurtun'
The logging phase will commence widi the establishment of Base Camps and Wharf & Jetty.
Sites at Lil, Tol and Kiep diat are selected for establishment of Base and Logging Camps will
be cleared and facilities such as workers accommodation, offices, workshop, fuel storage
facility, generator set and other related facilities will be established. Log pond and
wharf/jetty - , which are vital to the logging operation, will also be constructed.
These infrastructures are
vital and necessary- to
ensure that workers who
are engaged in the
construction of the 135
km road and the logging
operation are adequately
housed. The facilities will
also ensure that an
efficient support service
is provided to die road
construction activity and
the logging operation and
eventually the oil palm
activity during Year 3 of
operation. Sawmill and
associated timber
processing facilities will
also be established during
Ye. M ? > of operation.
P hoto 2. I Site of proposed
/hart a nd jetty . 1
/ «:; / 1 a /vesting
Tin actual logging operation is similar to other logging activities currently m operation
around the COUntZy, The operation Uvms with a forest sur\ev in order that COUpS, SCl UpS
and buffet /one boundaries are demarcated. Log Landing, Sttig track layout, dee classification
and marking art pea formed, I ogging toads dis< ussed under Section \. I are also constructed,
"27
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
Once chest initial preparations are completed and I i
approved, die log harvesting operation is conducted thr<
merchantable tree species. Che braft bea on the felled tret
log landings foi transport to the tog pond.
\t log pond, the logs arc sorted and graded for export as round logs. Those thai do
export market specifications are transported to the sawmill for processing into timber
products for both export and domestic markets.
3.2.1.2 Process Technologies
Logs earmarked for processing into wood-based products at the sawmill are debarked and
cut according to required specifications. The logs are fed into different process machinery in
accordance with the buyer's orders. The wood-based products that are produced at the
saw -mill are sorted out according to specifications and placed in storage for shipment.
A summary of the sawmill processes for production of rough sawn timbers and mouldings
are illustrated below.
Fi gure 1.
Round Log
Process for Production of Rough Sawn Timbers.
Breakdown Saw ► Pony Saw -
Grading
Packing +■
Rough Sawn Timbers
Cross Cut
*■ Segregation (into specifications)
I
Ripping -4 "Wood Treatment"
Seasoning Cross Cut
Figure 2. Process for Production of Moulding s.
Round Log ► Breakdown Saw ► Pony Saw ► Segregation (into specifications)
__ _ \
Seasoning "Wood Treatment"
(Air Drying) (Air Drying)
4
Moulding (Planning/Ripping) »- Grading ■ » Packing
I
Mouldings
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project, East New Britain Province.
28
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3.2.2 I ,<h .uion Map
["he tnap oi ilu' proposed oil palm project area thai will be secured undei th< >
\ni lumu foi Agriculture ( leanuw <■ is appended (Appendix 6).
3.2.3 Site selection
1
Li
J I he oil palm project area was selected bj die Wide Bay Investments Limited aft
consensus amongst the twelve (12) landowner groups from Sirtivii and I
Wide Bay Investments Limited (Proponent and Landowi ) was
incorporated to drive the project on behalf of the resource owno
That decision by the Proponent and Landowner Company was made due to availability of
J sufficient forest resource volume within the project area to sustain an economically
agro-forestry project. In addition, the project area also lias suitable soil characteristics for
growing of oil palms.
LI 3.2.4 Nearby Development Activities
Apart from the existing oil palm plantation under State land at Melvo valley, there are no
other major development activities within or adjacent to the proposed oil palm project area
that may contribute to the additive background pollution levels. Although, a number of
small-holder blocks have been cultivated by villagers into copra, coffee and cocoa blocks,
diese village plantations are small and not well managed due to difficulty in marketing the
cash crops. Therefore, fertilizers or pesticides are not used on the village plantations and
chemical runoff from these small-holder blocks is non-existent.
Cape Orford TRP is located to the soudi-east of the project area but outside of the project
boundary. The logging concession is no longer in operation. On the other hand, the
—J proposed Simvit Gold Mine which is located in the Nakanai Mountain Range to the north-
west of the project area is too far to have any influence on background pollution levels
— 1 The otisting oil palm plantation at Mevlo valley may become the most significant source of
additive effect on background pollution level within the project area. The effects are m
iated with the risk of chemical pollution of Mevelo River from pesticide and fertilizer
pi runoff. I lij'.li sediment load may also be deposited into the surface water as a result o
erosion associated with activities connected to the existing oil palm plantation. Whew this
happens, the discharges will contribute to increase pollution levels within Mevelo River.
- These existing water quality impacts may be aggravated during selective bemnc operation
within Simbali (TA-4).
The existing pollution levels within Mevelo River will be established as baseline watea quality
^toc«rmiencementoi togging operation within Simbali (TA \ .-.,. [he baa
•■ill assist the Developer is distinguishing between the impact that is related to the log
harvesting operation and chose that an contributed by the ex.su,,,. oil palm plantation on
land.
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT * 29
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
I
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Associated Infirastructui
h i ii, mil n \i i,, i tin ,iii, i. ni i >perati< >n
im projw t will • p ill n n ill
consist o( facilities such u workers accommodatioi
t, log pond, eti \ • i\\ mil! wills itTol
;;)!•. i imps will be established al Hi. I "I and Kiep rhe
logs timbei export sites and will have thcu own Whari 01 fi
i.i OIL PALM PLANTATION
Tin- thud phase of the agro forestry project will involve the establishment of oil p
plantations and vfflage-oil-palm blocks that will provide I sustainable agriculture base for the
resource area and Pomio District.
3.3.1 Proposal
[he oil palm activity will commence during rhe Year 3 of operation. Initially, s QUckac oil
palm estate and an oil palm nursery will be established at Mevlo valley durio tad
\ ear 4 of operation, the nursery will be used to support village-oil-palm blocks and othi i
palm plantations that will be set up during Year 5 of operation.
J
\part from the nuclear oil palm estate at Mevlo \ -alley, village oil-palm Mocks and other oil
palm plantations will be established at suitable locations within the project area, starting
— . km to a distance of 10 km inland from the shoreline. Land areas at distances less than 5 km
are not suitable for oil palm due to high salinity content of the soil, From the net an
150,000 hectares, it is estimated that approximately 70-80 % of the project area can be
^J planted with oil palm due to soil suitability. The actual percentage of land to be cult:
with oil palm will depend on the customary landowners consent under the lease lease-back
'.agement.
The oil palm activity will commence with clear felling of selected logged-over sites within the
project area in order to make w.n for oil palm plantation. Prior to commencement of cle.ir-
^. fellinu operation, the reserve areas (species protection, environmental constraints and buffer
mes) will be marked and where dear-felling getation clearance will be prohibited
This i- an important planum cafe vegetation clearance and DEC
ulted on this mattei
1 i'ii:ii" cures will also be constructed in order to support the oil palm opt ■
llns includ ..tion ot workers accommodation, offices, workshop, fuel st
facility, generator set and so forth
■
Road networks are important fat ban I FB) throughout the
»nd n i- >K. i .! , ,t,,n weathered road new shed.
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT 5TATEAAENT 3D
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province
■J
. lie II U ill i
• Jtj i' n men) it 1 1 >mph ted with r iei
riu-. i. vul network u ill bt miiiiiiv established for th< nuclear oil pal
I'lu- s.itm W ill he i OtMtXUI led II I'llirl |<l nil HI-. ii .11- A 1 1 1 1 1 n 1 1 1 < pi
• :isii, d during ^ ear 5 ol - -p- 1 itii >n ind orwi irds
r
!
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I 01 ft] resource own* rs will In- fi i:'.i--_<<l u> i.ll -.ill inn.in n tin- proposed nuclear
estate site u Melvo \ ■> tK \ with chaii vapk U -l. ch
be li'ii t'-i sen eral months to facilitate natural de< omposittof) ol the felled
BuQdozefS will be used to push felled vegetation into tOWS oi tfa
,■ * process is also called windrowing Tins will enable two tows of palms to be planted at a
^1 distance of 10 inelers apart.
The leguminous finer crop comprising of Cakpogonium caerultum and Puerariajavamca will be
w ii between the windrows. The area will contain high organic matter content and fin
not be allowed in this area. Locations for planting of oil palm seedlings will also be marked.
Holes will be dug at marked locations and oil palm seedlings planted. Fertilizers will also be
added to add nutrients to the soil and assist die young plants to establish roots and pro:
healthy growth. Fertilizer applications will depend on the soil structure and nutnenr
deficiency. Soil within the oil palm project area is classified as mollic and humk atulojals due to
their volcanic origin. Application of fertilizer will be carried out in accordance widi C )il Palm
Producers Association (OPRA) guidelines and in consideration of the environm,
conditions.
3.3.2 Location Map
The map of the oil palm project area that will be obtained under the Timber Authority for
I Agriculture Clearance and the site of the proposed nuclear estate at Melvo valley is appended
* as Annendix (V
as Appendix 6.
3.3.3 Site Selection
The oil palm project area that will be leased under the Timber Authorir - ulrure
Clearance was selected by the resource owners from Smivit and East Pomio forest area. The
decision was made because of the availability of sufficient forest resource volume and the
good soil fertility in order to in economically \ Table try project.
Oil palm will be planted at selected locations within the project area, starting at 5 km to a
distance of 10 km inland from the shoreline. Tins is due to SOU suitability and other ph
constraints (e.^. mountainous terrain at distances greater than 10 km).
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT ^
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project, East New Britain Province.
El
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E
1 Nearby Development Activities
v - il - M dbed io - 1 cioa I ' i. iii. . a iting oil palm plana und< i Stata land ai
\.ilK \ inn beconu thi main sour» i I rntributi [lution
level within the projeci met Hie ri I iciated potential foi chemical polluti
Mevelo Rivei from pesticide and fertilize! runofl from th< plantation in additii
sedimeni bad raaj ilao bi disi barged mum Melevo Rh i
plantation Pheae risks will contribute to increase pollution levels withii
rinse existing watei quaHtj impacts maj be aggravated during the ettabU
palm plantation at Simbali 1 1 A 4).
i he existing pollution levels within Mevelo River will be established as baseline » i
prior to the setting up of the nuclear oil palm estate at Melvo valley during th<
Operation. The baseline data is important in differentiating between tlv
to us nuclear o3 palm estate and those that are contributed by the existing oil
plantation on State land.
3.3.5 Associated Infrastructures
Other facilities will be constructed at a later stage to allow for onsite processing of fresh fruit
bunches into palm oil. These infrastructures are described in Table 1 1, below.
Table 10 - Infrastructure for Oil Palm Plantation and Processing
Infrastructure
Accommodation Camps
Nursery'
Palm Oil Processing Plant
Export Site
Locations
Melvo valley
Melvo valley
Melvo valley
Melvo valley
Mtlvr, valley .... the pjescoi sue of ... easting ,„i pa i m estate The land i i '■■<■ ..ml
« establishment ,,!" a nuclear c.st.rn- due to existing mfrasa .;
(hi Palm Mill
An oil palm processing plant is planned during Year 7 of operation. The Developer will
advise DEC on this important component of the oil palm project and apply for necessary-
approvals prior to the construction phase of the oil palm mill.
1
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT
Ili-Wowas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province
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J 4. Development Timetable
•■'■" I " •'">■■'•" tfKDi-W.™ i„„,.. ,, „,„,,, ,„,,,„,,„„,„ ,,„,,„
ZuirT \"\ ■ , "; , ' ,m ' *~Vt-* DEC and
O* tentative timetable for the various phases of the develop,,,,,,, aomtp ,s tabulated below
and ,vdl depend on DEC and PNG Fores, Authonry issuing the rdm«^«ont£
Table 11 - Project Development Schedule
9- Logging
2UgJ W| 2008 [ 2009 | 2010 | 20 11 | 2012 I 2013 | 2 (ll 4 | 201S | 2016 I 20r
Er " : '" ,x ' = ! -
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ST A TEMENT ~
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project, East New Britain Province.
"33
"I
1 5. Characteristics of the Receiving
■ . Environment
^ ~~ —
w* ■"-" :'" ! " 7 » • h
WBrf^femmwU «wth National.*! Pro™ <„,,,.,.„„„,„
Baseline data on the physical environment, including the flora and fan. -^ l • ,
r ~» , kU of N™ B mal „ and P a ra cu,ari y i project w^ ^E"^
■ wtie obtained trom State Agencies including DFC PMH F™.*.- » j. v-
Museum, National Statistical Office, Pomio tt^J^tafaS^ffi- ^
(Five Year District Development Pkn: 2D03-2oF
Investments Limited (Forest Development Pr.
Authority conducted a forest survey on the
«*»«well .,.,„„„ eomuhatiom u„l, Nation! and Pro. inda] ( roremmeo,
5.1 AVAILABLE ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES &
INVESTIGATIONS
* museum, National Statistical Office, Pomio Health Center Pomin n„ fr , , A ,
II (Five Year District Development Plan: 2003-2007) and tL iZ^TZ ed twSeT"
Investments Limited (Forest Development Proposal & TA A £ s ; PNC F "
1 , Authority conducted a forest survey on the project area in 1 989 Z< ' , ™f ,
I] documents) while Wide Bay Investment Limited alo^eT^ fore! ^Jt"'
J 2ShSitS2l H ^ "^ f3Una . S P eCleS **** the *+* «• wiii be collated dunn,
■ , StrtSS f ° abOVC ' ^ — ** '"owed *«^o
of e7onntf H , P of infrastructures and has poor socio-economic starus in terms
of economic development activities and social services such as schools and health cemers
FT 5.2 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
T K ZZTT T 1St ° f tH I land> """ 3nd alf ^ d -lopme„, a,™ ,nes 8 uch M
Si 325=3 SS
spcu : ,.i.,d receding equipment ate re^ "' ^
■ f" ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT
^J r.i-Wowas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province
:
5.2.1 Oeomofphologicftl, Topographical & Geological Ch«
'.l/'/'Y
rhe topograph) ol tlu oil pata project area and th« I 15 km road alignmeni
,IK undulating topography *»* turn u a north di*ectioi
shoreline.
rhe project ares is surrounded bj hills island &om th<
northern end ol fli fTA I) down southwatds towards Wawaa villa Ml da* hills
i,- lim II, (TA I) southwards lou.uds kermen (T\ '-
\ Si ).From Simbali (TA-4) to Wawas (1 \
from die coast Furthet inland, the topography ranges from I
[•he topography from the coastline to the foot of the hills varies between 40-401
covers a distance of 2-4 km. This eventually forms part of the Nakanai Mountain Rai
the Island of New Britain that runs in a south-westerly direction (see Topographical Profile
in Appendix 7).
Other topographical features at the foothills of die mountain range are sinkholes, which
appears randomly- In addition, most of the twelve (1 2) TAs have between 2-4 rivers and
about 1-6 smaller creeks. These surface waters were the result of the mountain rang divide
that transects the Island of New Britain.
Geology
Geologically, the project area is characterized under the Finnisterre-New Britain Volcanic
Arc structural region. The soil is characterized as quaternary and composed of oligocene
volcanic material and volcanolithic sediments.
The coastal fringes consist of recendy uplifted coronous and mosdy marine sediments
because of the earthquakes commonly experience throughout the geological life of the Island
of New Britain. The geology of the inland area consisted of uplifted parent rock materials of
volcanic origin. The common rocks identified are limestone, volcanic sedimentary, mixed
sedimentary and alluvial.
The soils are mollis and fw/iic andasoh derived from the various rock types and are overlaid by
volcanic coarse and fine sedimentary. Soils are generally dark-brown to Redish-brown in
or, well drained and are highly fertile in terms of chemical fertility.
5.2.2 Natural or Induced Hazard
I he island of New Britain is situated in the pacific volcanic arc ("ring of fire") and is
subjected to volcanic activities due to some active volcanoes on the island (e.g. Mt. L'luwun
and Mr. Pago GO West New Britain and Mr. Tavunur and Mr. Viiluan in Bast New !'■•
Since the project area is located oa the north eastern side of the island of New Britain, it is
t< lativelj calm, However, there are annual events of tremors due to rhe underiying geology
and plate tectonic a< tivity.
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT ~~ "35
Ili-Wowas Integrated Rural Development Project, East New Britain Province.
J
i bi proj<
of trade wmdi, whidi brings about rainy period; Rainfall is i pei
«m»J but becomes mote pronounce during th< Consequently, floodini
iiinu.iii\ bj people living in villages and hamlets at the mouth -■' dn majo
Mevelo, tp and Watok RJh i rs
I i<>\w\ er, i in s<- natural phenomena does boi provide aa environmentaJ oak to thi
crj project since the risks have been taken into account in pi
«■»-! foad ;iiiiMtnH'in and the agro-forestry project infrasti md facilities Duriflj
operational phase, all necessary preventative measures will be instituted to ensure that all die
.<pcr.ii ion ;il standards in the PN( ! I Ogging Code of Practice is observed.
E
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5.2.3 Climatic Regime
Rainfall data within the project area was sourced from recordings at Tokua Airport m
kokopo and extrapolated to give an estimated annual rainfall pattern for Pomio District and
the project area.
The extrapolated data-set on climatic regime within Pomio District indicated that the project
area experience a typical maritime climate based on the north-west and south east
monsoons. Average rainfall is about 3,000 rnillimeters per year. Temperatures are more or
less consistent all-year-around and ranges from 24-31 degrees Celsius. Dry season occurs
during June to November while wet season is experienced between the months of
November to March, annually.
5.2.4 Air Quality & Meteorological Data
Data on air quality within the project area and Pomio District was difficult to measure during
the field survey since specialized equipment is required. Description provided below is based
on observation of the existing pollution level as noted during the impact assessment sui
The ait quality within the project area is relatively pristine since Pomio District does not
have any heavy industry and only a few trucks are available within the District. This
background air quality level within the project area will be protected through use of
appropriate mitigation measures so that the pristine air quality can be used as a reference in
assessing the air pollution impacts of the agro-forestry project overtime.
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5.2.5 Seasonal Surface Water Quality & Hydrological Information
Data on water Quality was not obtained during the survey due to lack of potable field ware-
quality meter. Water samples woe nor collected due to the length of stay in the field (3-
weeks), which makes sample storage, transport... i< »n and anah sis difficult.
In general, water quality features of major overs such as Mevefo, Ip and Watok Rivers are
e by high turbidity and low clarity while smaller si, cams have low turbidity with
good clarity. However, it is acknowledged that ware- qnaltj data is important foi i
the impacts of the agi project overruns
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT ~ — ft
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
I Iydrologi< .ii data ka the surfiu e waters within the project Ut not collected during
the impact assessment survej li is understood from DEC thai hydroli
met systems within she project art i are al o not ■>■■ dlable in the Department
hydrologii al recording stations,
However, the Proponent knows the importance oi these information and will obtain the
hydrological data plus the water quality data on all major rivers and streams within the
project area for submission to DEC prior to the commencement of the igi
project
5.2.6 Seasonal Ground Water Quality & Flow Regime
As discussed in Section 5.2.5, data on ground water quality and flow regime wa
obtained during the survey due to lack of appropriate field equipment. Water samples were
not collected due to the time spent in the field and its implication in terms of sample storage,
transportation and analysis.
.
!
In general, ground water
quality within the project
area and Pomio District
is expected to be in its
pristine state since this
resource is presendy not
utilized. This assumption
is confirmed by the clear
natural springs that are
witnessed within the
project area. It is also
acknowledged that
hydrological information
on the ground water
resource is essential for
DEC to assess if there is
any impact on the
resource due to the
operations of the agro-
forestry project.
ITierefore, the Proponent again makes a commitment to obtain the hydrological information
on ground water quality and flow regime at sites where Base Camps (possible use of ground
water) will be established for submission to DEC prior to the commencement of the agro-
forestry project.
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ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT
Ili-Wowas Integrated Rural Development Project, East New Britain Province.
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5.2.7 Noise Leveli
H ' H k ' ;1 """ 11 ' within 1I1, projecl ireg ,,„i p | 1
' l ;"" ,i ' ,lu , " 1,1 ,ur «3 i-,,,!,,,,, equi, m ,.. requited CTii
observed during the imp* 1 ass< isrneni surve) is des< obi
1 • levels within the projeci area are very low and are chai icterized
avstauna noises neai villages. Further inland, the noi* levels axe dominai
generated In avifauna, which reflects the pristine quality o\ th< environment
Oa the other hand, occasional vehicle noises are generated in Pomio town due to the
presence oi a few vehicles. The noise level produced is low and does not appeal
COflcem to local residents.
5.3 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
Baseline data for the flora and fauna species within the Island of New Britain and those that
occur within the project area are discussed below. Information on the availability of
protected areas, special purpose area and the species characteristics is also provided.
5.3.1 Protected Area
Information obtained from Wildlife Branch of DEC indicated that there are no protected
areas (e.g. Wildlife Management Area) currently present or planned to be established within
the project area. The advice also revealed that there, are no protected area(s) located within
the vicinity of the project area, which may be affected when the agro-forestry p r .
commences operation.
In addition, the fauna species (Appendix 8) registered during the impact assessment survey
are commonly found on that Island of New Britain and Mainland New Guinea due to
similarity in vegetation and climatic condition across. Although, additional assessment of the
avifauna will be conducted during surveys on coups and set-ups, it is anticipated that the
species cataloged will be those that are commonly available and will not be categorize,
endangered or protected.
5.3.2 Special Purpose Areas
Areas such as a wetland as well as cultural, archaeological and historical sites can be classified
as a special P u, P ,.se area" due to -he values they sustain. Presence of cultural, aichaeological
m ° ' ^ within the projed axes was also verified during the impa<
survey through interviews conducted with resource owners, officials from Pomio Distri
and hast New Bnhun IWmc.nl Administration as well as staff &om the National Mu.cum
in Port Mm
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ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT ~
Ili-Wowos Integrated Rural Development Project, East New Britain Province.
3B
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I i- 1 i.i ii i areas at the lowet reaches of the mai lo, Ip and v atol R
experience seasonal inundation World W.u 11 bomb crateti which lis
u ■ .iti-i .mil served us points have also been spotted and will be protected Th
been 1 1 tssified .is in< >p< table .nous unci will be " strii t» d fa >m l< gging. Buffei z< mi
m ilu' PNG Logging I otto oi Practice will be established and the area deman
rescn e
CuttmiSU i
Preliminary discussion with resource owners indicated that a few cultural sites pring,
old burial sires, old village sites, etc.) are located within the project area. These sites will be
confirmed with clan elders during the survey of coups and set-ups and the sit» d< m. -treated
wiih establishment of adequate buffer distance and protected from logging.
Kokgcal c'~ Historical Sites
National Museum does not have a formal record of war relics or archaeological features in
the area designated for road alignment and the oil palm project area. In addition, the
resource owners were only able to provide information on cultural sites within the project
area but stated that thev are not aware of any archaeological sites.
I
•wr. *
.- -;''•'■: :>. ■?'.'•■'«; .'. .. > ffjH
Photo 4. 1 Old Japanese war cemete ry.
However, it is noted that
the Island of New Britain
was one of the sites of
fierce fighting during the
Pacific phase of World
War II and war relics are
likely to be discovered
during construction and
operational phases of the
road network, logging
operation and the oil
palm development.
Therefore, all effort will
be made to ensure that
any discovery is reported
to the National Museum
for preservation as a
significant part of PNG's
history.
5.3.3 Aquatic & Terrestrial Ecology
Island ol New Britain has a rich I'm diversity, with fauna species that are endemic to that
region, Recorded data from DEC indicated dial about I l > spears (12 bkds and S mammals)
ategprized as rare or threatened. Will, increasing logging and oil palm activities on the
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT
Ili-Wowos Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
"39
I
lowei ill ii ii,!, much of th< halm n havi beeo [ and displaced
have i"i mil 11 ( 1 1 1 > ( in ill. high altitudes mi, hiding the
n mil' thai prevem ind tgriculture conversion oi forested afi
["he description ol the buns species cecorded within the projeci ares i
Appendix 8 while those dial are recorded as present on the [sland "I Ne\i Britain
m Appendix 9.
\i|u.iik fauna species thai have been cecorded in the project area are - foeshwatei
<,"M prawns {w.htvhni, !>//<»/ Spp.) t and freshwater fishes including catfish, I,
. anil others.
1 lotfl species including - Termim/ia, Artocarpus, Barringlonia spp., Canarium iruUam,
Imcarpus Jagifec and Mangifera minor which are fruit and nut bearing plants collected by the
resource owners for food.
A detail list of aquatic and terrestrial flora species within rhe project area will be provided to
DEC prior to the start of logging operation. This information will be collected after a flora
survey of the project area, complemented with literature research. Data that will be
presented to DEC will also highlight the traditional (see Section 5.3.5) and biological
significance of the flora specie, where this is identified.
5.3.4 Vulnerable & Endangered Species
Comparative analysis of flora and fauna data in Section 5.3.3 obtained during the impact
assessment survey and those recorded through past expedition indicated that the species
found within the project area are categorized as commonly available species that are found
on the Island of New Britain and Mainland New Guinea.
However, the Species Branch of DEC has advised that certain endemic fauna species mav
occur within the project area but not documented. The habitat of these endemic fauna
species will be affected during selective logging operation prior to dear felling of selected
for oil palm plantations. However, it is predicted that the affected fauna species will
move to other forested or log over areas including reserves and adapt to the new ecosystem
P rofKK!M similar vegetation and climactic conditions, h is ,,ble that the
fauna species may recolonized the log-over areas at later years when bg han esting ce
5.3.5 Other Relevant Biological Information
The various iraditional and cultural uses <■( the flora and fauna specks within the project
also documented, The list is not exhaustive but a representation of d i
kh by the resource owners, The information tabulated I
as others will be confirmed with clan elders during the detail coups and sei ups survey and
plot,-. jjug
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT ' ~ ~ JR)
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
1
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rablc L2 I t.td itional U ses of Flora 8c Fauna Sj.< i ■< i
l>. •.. il|Xion
I ia.li<ion-il Use
Bamboo
I iamb io hoots), build
Breadfruit
Food (I
Pandanu ■
l'(iD(l ( lii ii I ), null wi a
*. '.ill]'
Food (nuts)
< )kari
Food (nuts)
Tulip
Food (leaves)
Bamboo
Food (bamboo shoots), building material, bow & arrow
Coconut
Food (nut), building material, basket weaving, etc.
Barringtonia(Pau)
Food (nuts)
Beetlenut
Food, (nuts), building material
Laulau
Food (fruits)
Talis
Food (nuts), building material
Mango
Food (truits), building material
Aila
Food (fruits), building material, medicinal use
Fauna
Wild Pig
Food, tusk is used for decoration
Cuscus
Food, fur used for decoration
Bandicoot
Food
Wallaby
Food
Cassowary
Food, feathers is used for decoration and in artifacts
Pigeon
Food, feathers is used for decoration
Wild flowl
Fi iod
Parrot
Food, feathers is used for decoration
Cockatoo
Food, feathers is used for decoration & dancing (sing sing)
Hornbill
Food, feathers is used for decoration & dancine (sine sini>}
Flying Fox
Food, fur is used for decoration
Snake Python)
Food, dancing & other rituals, etc
5.4 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT
The existing social structure and socio-economic data on the resource owners, Sinivit and
Easl Pernio I LGs, Pomio District, and East New Britain Province us discussed in this
■ Attempt is made to distinguish between the varying degree of environmental
impacts and Che resulting changes to the social, cultural and economic lifesn
basefcu information are essentia] for the- present and the future plan
decision making processes.
Sod Qomie data within Smivu to East Pomio I LGs indicated that the Wide Bay area
baa the only remaining strand of merchantable forest within .he two LI I
cu ";';"""' solving cocoa, copra andco declined drastically due to the
J! I ' , ,,; " l " 1, " r ' '""-"""■"" to trans] » cash crops to the markets in Kokop
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT ~ "
Ili-Wowas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province
"*1
1
rhe current shipping servio provided bj Nf\ I av ii ba tdequaa lince it dot
. .ip.u it] to transport both the pa md the cub crops to tb< mark* opo
quently thi existing imall-holder plantations hav< been left idli and not ati i
People w H l"i i ill. project ares ini luding the resourt es own< rs i urrendj resorl to fi
substant rs gardening for their own < onsumption
W'uli this l.uk <>i economii developmeni within Pomio District and between thi Sinivit to
East Pomio LLG areas, social servw es in terms <>i health and edui ation is barely in •
This was highlighted in the PN( ! AusAID Study on the teasi developed dj itricts ol i 1
5.4.1 Demography
\ Qumbei of villages are located within the project area from Hi village (Sinivit LH
W.iw.is villages (East Pomio LLG). The resource owners consist of four (4) main tribes
(Bi uning, Mengcn, Sulka and Tomoip) which represent twelve (12) landowner groups from
Sinivit and East Pomio forest area.
Most of the villages are
located on the coast. The
customary land-
ownership structure is
based on the patrilineal
system where the land
and other processions are
passed on to the eldest
male offspring in the
family.
The summary of villages
and persons located
within the project area
are outlined in Table 13
and Table 14, below. The
summary of villages and
persons located wit Inn
the project area are
outlined in 1 able 13 and
Table 14, below.
Photo 5. I One of many villages in project area.
1 he data was obtained from the impact assessment study and from information supplied by
the National Statistical ( >ffice on the 2000 National (Population) Census.
Table 1 3 - Population Data of Sinivit and East Pomio LLGs
Local Level Government
Population
Sinivit LLG
10,400
East Pomio
5,033
TOTAL
15,433
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT
Ili-WawQ$ Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
~*2
1
1
1
Table 14 Villages Situated within Project Area
i iMBJfit ition \c< o,,iin;. to I'iiiiIh .
Authority'
i \ i ii.
| \ ' Karong
I \ < Marmu
I \ I Simbali
State Land
VilIa K e
II,
' 1.11 1 M . i ■ . I
Kavudemki
Nil
1 \ (> Kcrmcn
Lamarein
Long
I A - 7: Lote-Kamlang
Kaukum
1 toiya
Kahp
TA - 8; Lakae
Mu
Milim
TA - 9: Kiwaigu
Klampun
Gum a
Kilalum
Iwai
TA-10:Kokakim
Sctwei
TA- ll:Tesata
Teimtop
Sampun
Tagul
TA - 12: Kaluan
Wawas
5.4.2 Existing Infrastructure
The existing infrastructure in the project area between Sinivit to East Pomio LLG areas is
fairly poor due to low maintenance over the years. The existing 200 km all-weather road
from Ili village to Wawas village in the south is in a rundown condition in certain sections.
Other villages that are not served by the existing road commute between villages using bush
tracks. The bridges are also in a poor condition due to eroded bridge bankment. The current
status of these infrastructures is discussed.
Table 15 - Existing Infrastructures within Project Atea
Description of
Project Area
TA-lIli
TA - 2: Karong
TA-3:
TA- 4 Simbali
Marunga
I A 5 State Land
I A - 6: Kermen
TA - 7: Lote-Kamlang
TA - 8: Lakae
TA — 9; Kiwaigu
"» Kokakim
TA-ll:Tesata
12: Kaluan
M )l \l
Infrastructure
Road
12.7 km
ml
12.0 km
13.3 km
2 l u.
29.8 km
9.7 km
7 6 km
i i km
10.7 km
117.7km
Bridgt
nil
ml
ml
ml
Wharf
nil
ml
ml
ml
mi
ml
m!
nil
ml
ml
ml
nil
ml
nil
ml
Airstrip
ml
ml
ail
nil
nil
nil
ml
ml
ml
ml
ml
Remarks
Upgrading required
New
Upgrading required
Upgrading required
■- ling required
ling required
Upgrading required
nil
nil
ml
Upgrading required
Upgrading required
Upgrading required
Upgrading required
..l ing required
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT "
Il.-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
5.4.3 Public Health
ihc health status oi the
■uc owners is
generally good dui to the
physical workout tin \ are
subjected to each cl.i i
subsistence farmers.
However, as in most
rural communities in
PNG, proper nutrition is
sometimes lacking due to
lack of a balance diet.
Personal and community
hygiene is also a concern
is some villages.
Photo 6.
Section of the 1 35 km road in rundown
condition.
As a result of nutrition and hygiene, a number of preventable diseases such as malnutrition,
water-borne diseases, diarrhoea, scabies and malaria are prevalent amongst villages within the
project area. The data on the common diseases within the project area for 2004 as recorded
by Porruo Health Center is provided in the Table below.
Table 16 - Health Status of Residents within Project Area
Classification of Disease
Statistics on Persons Treated
1 . Anaemia
76
2. Cough
186
3. Diarrhoea
725
4. Eye Sore
214
5. Ear Sore
126
6. Malaria
5,642
7. Severe Malaria
178
8. Malnutrition
12
9. Measles
155
10. Meningitis
.
11. Pregnancy Issues (Birth-related)
-
1 2. Respiratory Disease
827
13. Skin Disease
2,103
14, Tuberculosis
.
15. Work Injury
278
16. Yaw
649
17. Pneumonia
858
1 8. Genital Discharges
9
19, Genital Ulcers
18
20. New Cases
1,484
NO"' 1 rgona treated it P
n and infants.
J
1
1
I
J
J
J
5.4.4 Economic Statui
"" economh scenario within the Wide Baj area indicated thai agricuh
involving cocoa, copra and coffee in on th< decline due to the la. I ol , relkbl
infrastructure to ttanspori the cash crops to the tnarki I ■. in I okopo and Rabaul
which provided shipping service between Pernio and Kokopo, does noi hav.
capacitj to transpon both the passengers and th« < ash crops to the mai
result, small boldei plantations have been let! idle and noi attended to,
rhe resource owners
mainly subsistence farmers
and resort to fi»]
hunting and substai
gardening for their own
consumption. Most of these
activities take place in the
coast where most of the
villages in rhe project area
are located.
Small revenue is generated
from sale of their
subsistence produce at local
markets. This scenario will
drastically change when the
road network is established
to connect Pomio with
Kokopo and Rabaul.
Photo 7. 1 Cocoa baps ready for shi pment
Small revenue is generated from sale of then- subsistence produce at local markets. This
scenario will drastically change when rhe -oad network is established to connect Pomio with
K-okopo and Rabaul.
5.4.5 Social Services
Social services in terms of health and education are not accessible to most villages within the
project area. The health centers and primary schools are located far away and inaccessible to
most of the villages within the project area. Inadequate road network makes it difficult for
villagers to travel to school or seek medical sen-ices when sick
1
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT ' ~
Ili-Wawos Integrated Rural Development Project, East New Britain Province.
— *5
3
( urn :
and health
the p» 'i< ■
used b)
the proji
abed in rable 17
below.
J
■MIH^H
Photo 8. 1 One of the primary school within the project area.
Table 17 - Data on
Existing Social Services within Project Area
Description
Name
Location
Schools (Primary)
Nongya Primary School
IliTA
Karong Primary School
Karons; TA
Marunga Primary School
Marunga TA
Kavudemki Primary School
Sunbali TA
Spango Primary School
Kermen TA
Kaukum Primary School
Lote-Kamlang TA
Milim Primar)' School
Lakae TA
Iwai Primar}' School
Kiwaigu TA
Guma Primar)' School
Krwaigu TA
Sampun Primary School
Tesata TA
Schools (Technical)
Karlai Vocational Centre
Kermen TA
Health Centre
Marunga Health Centre
Marunga TA
Hoiya Health Centre
Lote
-KamlangTA
Guma Health Centre
Kiwaigu TA
Aid Posts
Ili Aid Post
IliTA
Karong Aid Post
Karong TA
Spango Aid Post
Kermen TA
Milim Aid Post
Lakae TA
Iwai Aid Post
Kiwaigu TA
Sampun Aid Post
Tesata TA
5.4.6 Archaeology, History, Culture & Religion
The local people within the project area are mostly affiliated with the Roman Catholic
religion. Although, Christianity is the key religious belief in the area, local people still practice
tin ir cultural and traditional beliefs.
Marriages, childbirth (lust horn) and other events are celebrated with feasting and traditional
dancing. "Haus krai" is held during death of a person and a u iducted some months
after the burial to thank those wh.. participated during die mourning period .md to farewell
the dci
I. 1
I
I
I
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6. Potential Impacts of Proposal
potential impai ts ol th« proposal are dis< ussed in thia I
(Ik- physical, biological and social impacts of the propo ijecl
6.1 PHYSICAL IMPACTS
Physica] impacts occur due to discharges into thi ment and
cause to the baseline environmental conditions. The description of the potential ph
impacts on the land, water and air as ■ result of the pro]
described below.
[he management regime for each of the identified physical impacts is outlined in Chapter 8
(Section 8
6.1.1 Worst Case Scenarios & Potential Risks
6.1.1.1 Air Emission
Air emission in the form of dust will occur during the dry season during construction of the
135 km road network, construction of base camps, logging roads as well as during logging
J operation. Dust will also be generated during the dry season when oil palm plantation site is
cleared for planting and during construction of plantation roads.
Dust generated will be localized and will not be a concern when works connected within the
logging and ol1 palm activities are carried out. However, dust may become an issue in areas
where road works passes by villages.
I—' Exhaust emission will be produced from machinery used in the construction works
connected widi the agro-forestry activity. Air emission will also be generated from Base
Camps from burning of combustible materials and from the sawmill activity.
The localized air emissions will all be managed using appropriated management strategies. In
addition, the emissions will be easily dispersed due to the pristine an: qualm within die
project area.
6.1.1.2 Wastewater Discharge
1 )omestic wastewater in the form of sewage and kitchen wastewater WlH be generated during
Ittuction Of the toad network and from the Bs - Wastewater produced during
the road construction will be minima] and easily disposed off through temporary hush toilets
(long-drop). Quantity of domestic wastewater generated from the E ips will be
substantial and therefore requires adequate treatment before c&p«
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT " "" " *7
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province
i i
Rainfall runofl rten | , pon Kigl
Dischatg* oi sediraem in i tinfal] runofl -ill . mi
' v * ' Nl iten I be Qo* oi surface wat. rs may also be alti red as .1 resuli oi d<
in stream beds
' m ' Ms w;lk '' mn " ri " uv :lK "" in the oil palm plantation after irrigation 1
ramfaD events [Tie rainfall cunofl may contain sediments, fertilizel
practices to, application of pesticides ami fettiKzets will be complied with in
' g die oak ci surface water pollution due to chemical runoff,
t " * 6.1.1.3 Solid Waste
Small quantities of industrial and domestic solid wastes will be produced during a
I of the 135 km road and during establishment of oil palm plantations. Most of th,
I - j solld wastes generated during the logging operation will be at the Base Camp.
I * Domestic solid wastes will include empty tin cans, cardboard boxes, plastic wrappers ere
1^1 Wastes will be produced from kitchen during meal preparation and from office operations
These wastes do not pose a risk to the environment and can be easily managed
Environmental risks associated with domestic wastes are not significant if adequately
I _J managed. 1 his is because domestic solid wastes are inert or biodegradable in nature.
Industrial solid wastes generated will also be small and produced from minor mechanical
repair (change oil filter, battery, etc.) that may be carried out in the field and from the
workshop activity at die Base Camps. . Empty pesticide and fertilizer containers will also be
produced from the oil palm activity.
6.1.1.4 Noise Emission
Level of noise generated during construction of the 135 km road will be high near villagers
as a result of the use of heavy machinery. Noise will be high during the land preparation for
I oil palm plantation. The logging activity will also produced high level of noise due to the use
[ ! ot heav }' machinery in loading and unloading of logs.
r Generator sets and sawmill activity at the Base Camps will also generate a lot of noise.
( However, the level of no.se generated will be minimal and localized since the noise
I emissions will only occur during the day. Noise buffer systems may also be constructed to
1 - reducc the nolsc lm P»ct from generator sets and sawmill acth in
6.1.1.5 Water Extraction
I I ™ '^"^mem for domestic use (apatt (mm drinking) during the consttttfitbn of th
km road and for 0,1 p;l i ni irrigation will be soureed from tre«ns, Water for domestic
I use a, Base Tamps will also be extracted from surlace waters or groundwater to SUppkmeni
water collected &om rain catchment tanks.
^eja^ctionratewai] d on hydtological data ftom the water sc.
o*d« to ensure that tl .wafterwal . acted.
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT ~ " %
Ili-Wowa S Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
(» ' mol.OClCALIMI'AC.IS
V
y
I !
■!
I
i
Biological impacts "ill occui as a resuli ol construction oi th<
in certain areas), sele< tive L • [ging i iperatii m and the i li i
oil palm sues foi oil palm plantati >a
i hr imp. Kis will occtu ob both the Rom and fauna species within the ptojci I
6.2.1 Worst Case Scenarios & Potential Risks
6.2.1.1 Fauna
Fauna species within the project area will be affected as a result of the agro-forestry project.
Construction of the 135 km road network, selective logging operation and clear-felling of
selected sires within the project area for oil palm plantation will affect the variety of fauna
species found in die project area.
The most affected would be birds and mammals species due to the destruction of their
habitat. Affected fauna species will migrate to reserves (wedand, buffer zones, cultural sices,
etc) established within die project area. It is also possible that fauna species affected by the
agro-forestry activity will migrate to forested areas outside of the project boundary and
possibly return to recolonise the project area after the logging operation ceases. Those
species would easily adapt to their new habitat due to the fact that the climate and vegetation
type will be similar to their old habitat.
The significant impact on the fauna species will occur during clear-felling operation for
establishing oil palm plantations. The operation will involve compete destruction of habitats
and which will affect fauna species within sites earmarked for oil palm plantations.
However, it is anticipated that during the selective logging operation, most of the fauna
species would have already migrated to new habitats (reserves within project area or sites
outside project area) and die impact would not be that drastic. A wildlife corridor may be
established within the oil palm plantation (if necessary) to provide for movement of fauna
species from the inland mountain range to the coast.
On the whole, there will not be any significant impact on the fauna species within the project
area since comparative analysis of fauna data within the project axes ■ < hapter 5, Section 5.3)
showed that there are ,„, threaten or endangered spee.es available- All the sp< *ded
ommonly available on the Island of New Britain and Mainland New Guinea
6.2.1.2 Flora
I bra species w.li be more severely affected than the fauna speces due to the development
activity,
" u,; """" "' *• l35 k "> »ad infrastructure, all , n within the road
loi will be removed. Although this Is necesaarj for establishment of the infnsi
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT ' ~ j&
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project, East New Britain Province.
I
thi cot! will be the i ompli o de tru< don oi floi i specif
J' 1 " '""' I I"" 11 wiU b< small and wfll not iffei i rhi
■ Hue i. (bund i Im-w here la die proji 1 1 ires
J operation will alt isuli in deter i flow wh< .. log
""I during tree felling when n riduals and othej small, i tre,
I" terms oi spei ies diversity, the sale, trv< logging opi
J '!"" 8pe< ii ■ sine, the Bame spe< ies are n dlable on the Inland oi
New ( ruinea due to similar el, main system and soil itru, hue
JPhe most significant destruction oi flore will occur durio Oingoi log
for establishing oil palm plantations. Although a mono crop will .
fh« similar vegetation types are also available elsewhere on the Island of I.
T 1
M. inil.mil New ( ruinea.
6.3 SOCIAL IMPACTS
6.3.1 Group (A) Impacts: Worst Case Scenarios & Potential Risks
Group ( I) Impacts an tin social impacts that am be identified and addressed by the DECapmalpn
n impacts eetttras a dmct mult oj adverse biophysical 'environmental unpads on the environ,
^_J // "' development activity and which can be regulated by the Department. (SOURCE: Guiddin.
Conduct of Environment Impact Assessment and Preparation ,, r i mpact
Statement) '
6.3.1.1 Degradation in Air Quality
1 Although W emission from activities associated with the agro- forestry activity will occur it is
anticipated that the environment measures thai the Developer will implement will adec,
1 manage and reduce any air pollution concern on human health. Conseouemlv. the I
J ""I ,acl of air pollution within the project area will be negligible.
F __ Issue
- J fission in .he form of dus, will OCCW during the dry season whit road works on the
135 km road is ,n pro,,,.,, Dus, mav become a concern when the road works app*
I villages. Other sources of dus, include logging operation, where dus, w,ll be gen,
-I ,? construu 7 "\ b«c camps, logging roads and durin Dus, w,ll
' '*' ^nera,ed when el, . .„ ,-,„. , stablls( , .
constetw uon oi plantation ads
'T"/' — -" ! "' l--dueed from ruachinerv ,l,u a„ used in the toad ConStmCI
1 2 ^ vr AU ' U ' lU '" ^ p:,Uu ^ ttor set and vehicle* used
_J 2 m '"W' 1 ;;" opmaon ate also sources of exhaust „,,,,
V - - _____
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT "~ '
^^J Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
"50
J
I 1
6.3.1.2 Degradation in Water Quality
■.' .ill. mi mi m wain qualit] will inevitably occui Ji "I the i
Uthough Imiii.i ones will be established along watercourses to teduce th<
, " | sedimeni in rainfall runoff die unpad on water qualitj will still occur Tin
^^^ I committed to providing water supply to villages within the pn
improving me health slums ,~i the resource owners. Villagers thai will I"- direct!
will be given prioritj to ensure thai they are provided with an alternative drinl
Domestic wastewater (sewage and kitchen wastewater) in minimal quantity will be generated
during construction of die 135 km road from Cape Orford TRP (south-west) to Kokopo II i
(east). However, a substantial quantity of domestic wastewater will be produced from the
Base Camp due to the number of employees there.
i
I
Land oi soil contamination will occur during the development of the II. Warns integrated
«— -* Rural Development Pro,ec. due to either chemical pollution (e.g. fuel s,
I , ° r * MtC ''"i"'- 1 d*0dfill Sites). However, „ is mtidpatcd thai land con;,:,, [] , M
" u itcoacemswc. rat ask of chemical poUutioa from oil oi fuel spillage will
■MT-* be mmtm.xcd through compliance with the I mvnonmental .ode of Practice for
-| Vehicle/Machnu ,v \\ orkshop and hud Storage Site
i
Rainfall runoff from the exposed areas during road construction, logging operation and
vegetation clearance for oil palm plantation will result in large quantity of sediment (dissolve
and suspended solids) being discharged into surface waters. Sediment load in runoff has the
potential to cause degradation in surface water quality and alter the flow regime of surface
waters as a result of deposition of sediment in stream-beds. Excess water runoff from oil
palm plantation after irrigation and during rainfall events may also introduced fertilizer and
pesticides into surface waters.
6.3.1.3 Increased Noise Levels
Noise emission will occur during the construction and operational phases of the agro-
forestry project. However, the management measures that die Developer will put in place
will reduce concern on noise levels during the development phases. As a result, the social
impact of noise within the project area is expected to be negligible.
Issue
The level of noise generated during construction of the road will not pose a concern except
near villages where the level of noise may become a concern. During logging operation,
noise levels will be high as a result of use of heavy machinery that will be used in loading and
unloading of logs. Generator sets and machinery workshop will also produce a lot of noise.
Noise will also be produced from heavy machinery during land preparation for oil palm
plantations.
6.3.1.4 Land Contamination
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT "" ~ —ft
Ili-Wawos Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Br.tain Provmce.
. ■ ■* Wosl ol the domestic solid wastes generated will be at die B
[ produced from kitchen during meal preparation sad office operations. Bin
coated with domestic wastes arc not signifieani if adequately
, ■ i domestic solid wastes are inert or biodegradable in nature Small quam
I I uasus u '' 11 ' ,lso lic Produced, The main source of the industrial
workshop ;u'U\it\ (servicing, change oil filter, battery, etc.).
Small quantity of domestic and industrial solid wastes will also be produced during
establishment of oil palm plantations. Wastes generated will include empty tin cans boxes
V ' '
I to the othw band, landfills will bi corwttui ted in iccotdant
ol Pi ictia foi Sanitatj I indffll Sites rhen ton . th< ri
' oatamin n a ithin the proji 1 1 area a ill be i imaJ
i" quantities oi industrial and domestic walid v istes wfll be | fuced
" ! llu ' '" ,,m "' hi Domestii solid wastes will include emptj tin can
" wrappera, eti while industrial solid wastes generated will I, fon
»p«i (eJiangeoiJ filter, battery, en | that mt) be carried out to the field
6.3.1.5 Loss of Food Sources
Villagers wahifl the project area rely on their forest resources as a significant source of food
apart trom fishing and subsistence gardening. Commencement of selective logging wall affect
the availability of these forest resources.
There will not be significant loses in terms of vegetables or edible tree species such as Tulip
Kapiak, Laulau and Manta (Pandanus specie) since these sites will be protected from logging
The main impacts will arise from shortage of animals (pigs, bandicoots, etc.) because they
will most likely migrate to other areas including the protected reserves located withi
n p " ,,ect area - There ls also potential for fish catches within the project area to be affected
especially prawns and other edible aquatic species within small streams.
I However the loss of animals and edible tree species will be pronounced within areas that are
selected for oil palm plantation. These plantation areas will be cleat-feUed prior to the
■^ I abhshment of oil palm plantations.
6.3.1.6 Habitat Loss
i
i
The risk of habnat loss due to selective logging will not be so Hgttificaflt I he impact will be
k 7" i; "' v ; mce placed fauna w21 move into protected ^serves within the m
,r «~»w ^uvwim ivmi^a wiuiui uic prefect
and forested ireas outside the projeci area and return alter logging operation has ce i
I towever.habitoi loss wfll be dramatic within sites designated tor oil palm plantation, dear-
ng -'I' deatroy habitats withta these rites However, the proposal bj the Developer to
estabbafa wildlife corridors' within oil palm plantations wfll ease the impacts
Habitats and allow of rain reaotothei
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ST4TEME"NT
Ili-Wawos Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
~52
V
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6.3.2 Group (B) Imparls: Worn Case Scenarioi & Potential Risks
itomanifisti
' ™al or Local U*U
am**, IwandonUr, migration and population ism
I******* (SOURCE:. leline for Condu
imp,,, bsessment and Preparation ol Environment Impact Statem.
6.3.2.1 Social Structure
i cc^unity structure wi.hin the ptojeci area is based on customary group
together to for,,, . ,,b, The primary socal unit is the clan, wh ich c^ris,
and extended famrly unit. Patrilineal structure is practiced whereby the n.ie I
-ly takes charge of aU decis.ons relating to the land and customary welfare of the IZ
umt. Therefore land and other material ownership is passed onto the male ofrstSng u ,
The Developer will ensure that the agro-forestry operation does not W any way affect the
social structure of the landowners within d le project area.
6.3.2.2 Law and Order Issues
Immigration of people into the Sinivit and East Pomio LLC areas ,n search of ,ob and
business opportunities will result in the risk of possible law and order conce^nV due "o
cultural differ*. Access to cash economy may also result in misuse ofZZ^ul
-Tending ,n unnecessarily items such as alcohol, which will give rise to a.coLTrela ed iL?"
p ".bTeda ; * at r tle ? en ; ? —*■*"«- * — ^ ^ ** . ea d to d P ^
and poss.ble classes between landowners of the resource area and outsiders.
slnnV^S'tV 5 ^ "^ ? ?' ^^ for ^ °P en •* *»PP°* &°* the
6.3.2.3 Migration and Population Issues
" .; ,; > »™ '■— •■pp.-,,,,,,, ■„,..„„„ „,,. , ,, dl .„ „„.,„,;
.»■*' »«..,■,.. ,„,.,,.. ,,,::,'„;;: "■'' «»—»•«» * —
>£ i,:!;^;:::,:::,;::,;:: —,,.„„ ,,„,,„, , ,.„,..
1
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT slvrJ^AENT ~ "
Il-Wowo, Interred Rura. Deve.opment Project. East New Britain Province.
I i lii tori* ;.i and Culcural fiiuei
I i,, i ,l and . uiim.il values within the proje. ; i b< identified
, i ,, i thi landw h«i do an beld ai icared bj thi resoi
, id ,,i reai ores Buffet i n will b< i stablished and k
not take pita wid
Historical and cultural sites will alto be an important Gu tew in d» iding
. ,„i palm plantations in otdt i to enaun thai the acthntj :
,,,, ,!,, However, tin sami can boi bt guaranteed foi historical and
i,,, itod outside "i ii" projet i area.
6.4 AMBIENT & EMISSION STANDARDS USED TO ASSESS
PROJECT EFFECTS
H, ( . standard thai wett referenced during assessment "l the poo iron
impact "i the proposed in Wa i ite Rural l >eveIopmeni Project
i iteria) Regulation
i he national 6resh water quality standards foi PNG u provided in thi on rhe
tdardi was used to assess the potential impacts of storm runoff and
on surface water quality during construction of the 135 km road, log ha
operation and establishment and operation ol the oil palm plantari
2 PI ' ode of Practice.
The environmental performance standards foi logb din the
document The performano i were used to assess the potential d iatcd
wid ion and discharge of sediments into linfall runoff .
i in nsk of wan i diversion and teduction oi flow velocity due to deposition ol forest
debris and soil urn also i valuated against the requirements in the It >gging i ode.
' '.nvmnmental < ode oj Practice on Sanitary I /wdfill Sites.
The environmental performance standards for operation of a sanitat] landfill as. well as
solid waste coUocadon and disposal requirements are described in the dot
performance itaadards wen used I thi potential d ith landfill
■ ;ii< i pollution, rainfall runoff, health nsk, odoui pollution, etc, due to
landfill operation
4 Environmental < ode oj Practice on I ebick & Machinery W 'ork ti
ii" i] operation ol » wotkshi >p and the tut I
d in the dot umi at I h< standards wt tt ost d t<
I 1 "' 1 otial impai I ol ited from du « ■ id thi fui itet 1 1
■ i potential risk foi fui I ipillagi
I tONME NT mPACT STATEMENT ~H54
Hi Wowos Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province
I 1
V
!
! ./w
1 ' i ironnu noil p< rform mi i I ind ird foi thi oil palm m»D tre d
dot huh hi Mi... tandards an m ii s»ppli< sbli to ih
thi ..il p ih.i mill n ill I.. i i ii.h hi dm fi >n ind ibo
"ii palm plantation! havi been fully developed with >de<raati mpplj ol
bunchea for proa iing Widi Ba] Investments Limited vdl ippl to DE< to
1 nvironmenl Permil to includi opei n oi thi palm oil mill when thi null -
ll, , , .11 I'll, C| ,i
6. I i ■ (
I 'he en\ll<i!1lneni.il | mi f. >i in;m< e .1 .mi Ii i < I -.,,, ,,j ,..,nl, ;mil I,.
di ii ribed in the dot umeni Although, thi standards art d< lignt d foi
Works i" observe during die upgrading of national and provincial I and bi
ironmeal managen* ni prini iplea outlined in Chi d< m m as oth«
construction works on roads and bridges including thi agro fori ttn toad infra
6.5 ASSESSMENT OF RESILIENCE OF THE ENVIRONMENT
■ iting environment within the project an a has been to certain di
.ii IIMIH-. Ill Ihe p.isl Foi imvMiii e, I \ 6 (Leini. m ,m<l I \ / (Loft
subjected to some form ol togging to those areas while a smell pi ofTA 8 I
I \ 9 (Kiwaigu), I A 10 (Kokakim), l'A ll fTesata) and i \ I
felled b] landowners and < ultivated into t ot oa, ( oi "11111 01 ranilla bloi
Timber Areas
Developer
Year Logged
Niufrjni Lumber Co.
2002
2. Lote Kamlanc
.vara Ltd
2002
( >pen Bay Timber Co.
2000
Kercwara Ltd
2002
4. Simbali Extension
( >}>< 11 \\:i\ 1'imlx 1 ( 0.
1990
5. Hi
Ltd
:.!ii:i!l 1 (pi r;il|..n .inlv i'H)\
Hum did not re. iih.
affect the abilii
fauna spi 1 iea b
logged ovei 1
mi within thi 1 icinitj ol oil
palm pkntattoi
in. h. 1:;. id
propi
will he harsh on Bora and buna
spei tes during
iih .11
.ii palm
Inn ih. \ will
ired hi and
iv, oil I!
I NVn-OHMI-Nt IMPACT STATEMENT
Ili-Wawos Integrated Rural Development Project, East New Britain Province
55
7. Waste Minimization, Cleaner
Production and Energy Balance
Chapter 7 discusses the waste minimization '.Hid cleaner production processes thai o
adopted, where applicable, in avoiding the generation of wastes ai the source through > !
of innovative strategies. Where this is noJ possible, the relevant waste management si ,
is formulated to manage the wastes in accordance with the waste minimization principle.
7.1 ALTERNATIVE "CLEANER PRODUCTION"
TECHNOLOGIES OR PROCESSES
Alternative production processes and cleaner technologies are mentioned where they are
applicable to the three different components of the agro-forestry project. The discussion
explains die processes and technologies that are considered as appropriate in PNG context
and are commonly used by similar activities within the country,
7.1.1 Road Construction
There is no alternative cleaner production process for construction of roads. The process
that will be used is the standard road construction method that is used worldwide and in
PNG in road construction. The key element of road construction is to ensure engineering
integrity of the road infrastructure once completed.
Road construction process will involve the use of bulldozer, graders, rollers and other
machinery. The planning and design of the 135 km road including bridges and culverts will
be undertaken by professional Civil Engineers in accordance with the road design standards
from the Department of Works (Appendix 5). Logging roads for selective logging within
the oil palm project area will be constructed in accordance with the requirements in the
PNG Logging Code of Practice.
During construction of the toad and while logging operation is in progress, the road would
be regarded as a logging road. Upon completion, a formal certification will be conducted by
Department of Works in transferring and reclassifying the toad as a nations! road for
supervision and maintenance by the National Governny
7.1.2 Log Harvesting & Processing
fhere is ao alternative cleaner production process for log harvesting m PNG. th* fog
I procedUfl S used in the country is ID accordance with the prescribed standards m the
I>N(: ' ! odfl oi Practict rinse fogging practices are prescribed In the PNG
Govemmem and are observed by all forest industq pa *ho are involved in log
harvesting in PN( r.
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT 5"6
Ili-Wawos Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
." ,, '"' '.'' °P« """' general!} begins with i fbr<
buffei tone boundam ,„, lte d I ogkodinj
'"" , " 1 '' Mi performed I egging ro I - eonstn* ted
Ooci these initial preparations are completed, the log I
through selects felling oi marked merchantable txe< ipecies The brai
trees are removed and transferred to log landings before being transported to tb
\i log pond, me logs areaorted and graded for export as coundlog thai don.
export market specificationa are transported to the sawmill for pro.
products tor both export and domestic markets.
Logs earmarked for processing into wood-based products at the sawmill are debarked and
cur according to requked specifications. The logs are fed into different processing machinery
m accordance with the buyer's orders.
An filter bags and noise barriers will be installed within the sawmill plant (where buffer
distance is not sufficient) depending on the environmental risks involved. However,
anticipated diat adequate buffer will ensure that noise emission does not become a health
issue.
The sawmill processes described in Section 3.2.1 are commonly used in PNG and are also
utilized by the Developer in three of its timber concessions in West New Britain Province.
The same technologies are also employed in sawmills operated by the major operators in the
logging sector in the country.
7.1.3 Oil Palm Plantation
There is no alternative cleaner production process for establishment of oil palm plantaaon
since oil palm planting procedures are very basic and commonly used by oil palm industries
m PNG. The oil palm planting process commences with felling of remaining trees within the
proposed oil palm site using chainsaws and axes. After felling is completed, the area is left
for several months to enable natural decomposition of the felled vegetation.
Bulldozers are then used to push felled vegetation into rows of about 20 meters apart. This
process is also called windrowing as it enables two rows of palms to be planted at a distance
of 10 meters apart. This is followed by sowing of leguminous cover crop between the
windrows.
Holes are dug at marked locations and oil palm seedlings planted. Fertilizers are then added
to add nutrients to that soil and assist the young plants to establish roots and promote
growth. Fertilizer applications will depend on the soil structure and nutrient content
Application of fertilizer will be carried out in accordance with OPRA guidelines and in
consideration of the environmental conditions in order to reduce excessive application and
minimize chemical runoff.
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT — ' 57
Ili-Wowas Integrated Rural Development Project, East New Britain Province
7.2 BASIS FOR CHOOSING THE PROPOSED TECHNOLOGY
OK PROCESS
; '"'"''" "' procedure i thai u,n be used in .i„ eonitraetkn ol th« 13
""'•• log harvesting and processing and the establish mem and up
ptantanoas w due to the ftci that these at. commonlj available techno!
'PP^toPNG These technologies and procedure, are als ten
country, In addition easting laws ... standards (, , P K |
Deparonent oi Works standards for roads, bridges & a
technology thai will be used.
7.3 AVAILABLE TECHNICAL BACKGROUND ON THE
PROCESS CHOSEN
The Developer has the necessary expertise and skills in construction of roads, carrying out
log harvesting and development of oil palm plantations as discussed below.
7.3.1 Road Construction
The Developer has the technical expertise and skills in construction of roads. Logging roads
have been constructed at East, West and Central Arowe TRPs in West New Bntifpfov.ncc
m accordance with the PNG Logging Code of Practice. These roads essentially comply w, h
. he Department ot Works (DoW) standards for roads and bridges. Prior to commenc lent
of construct rak on the m ^ road) ^ DqW ^ ^^ fQ ^ nt
road infrastructure is constructed in accordance with the required standards so that it can be
easily converted into national road after the log harvesting operation ceases.
7.3.2 Logging Operation
The Developer also has a vast knowledge and experience in logging operation and
current operations at East, West and Central Arowe" TRPs in Wesf nL Britain P ovrnt
These knowledge and skills would be utilised in ensuring that the salvage logging operaTon
7.3.3 Oil Palm Plantation
Foi devdopmen. of oU palm plantations and village-oil-palm blocks the Devdofiei u,ll
Krinss " n r ,ron ; *" New ffi J — •» i-*«z&2
ecru tted ,„„ M,|. V s,a „ ovcrsc: , lhc p , anm ^ tk . vc| nf „,- ^ pbnr , n „„.,
**« «"*!■«* ad the nuclear oil £fa estate at Mcr^eT^
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT " ~
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project. East New Britain Province.
"58
7.4 wash: minimization strati cy
ii, t ikn ol the waaw n„ 11.' i sfi n
,,i hmiov.hiu strategies, Rela i minimiaal «H '"
U8e d j lllini , ^ three differeai phase* ol the agro forestry project ftt« discuased to
7.4.1 Road Construction
llu- 135 km toad infrastructure (including bridges and culverts) will be coi
lard toad construction methods and by observing the Department
specifications for roads and bridges as well as the standards for logging roads under the
PNG Logging Code of Practice.
Waste minimization measures that will be implemented are -
(a) regular servicing of vehicles and machinery to minimize noise and exhaust air emission,
and
(b) reduce the volume of domestic and industrial solid wastes by encouraging recycling and
reuse of materials where possible.
7.4.2 Logging Operation
The logging operation will be conducted in accordance with the PNG Logging Code of
Practice and other environmental requirements impose by DEC.
Waste minimization measures that, will be implemented during this phase of the agro-
forestry project are -
(a) regular servicing of vehicles and machinery to minimize noise and exhaust air emission,
(b) careful use of water for domestic purposes to reduce amount of wastewater generared
and requiring treatment, and
(c) reduce domestic and industrial solid wastes by encouraging recycling and reuse of
materials where possible.
7.4.3 Oil Palm Plantation
The establishment of oil palm plantations and their up-keep will be carried in accordance
with Environment Permit conditions and by observing guidelines issued by OPRA. S
and storage instructions for fertilizers and pesticides issued by the chemical manufacturer
will also be observed
Waste miniiiii/aiinn measures thai will be applied during the establishment and operation of
oil palm plantations are similar to those discussed above and includes
(a) regular servicing of \ ehicles and machinery to minimize noise and exhaust air emission,
(b) careful use ol water during irrigation of young palms m order to reduce amount of
■. atei generated as runoff,
(c) reduce domestu and industrial soli* by encours ig and reuse of
manuals when possihl.
(d) cii-uu thai right amount ol pesi ire applic J pei : oil palm.
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project, East New Britain Province.
TJ9
r 1
7.5 ENERGY HALANU-
lh, ,,„,,., balance concepi foi Road < oostruction, Logging ' iperatioi
,,, , ),i r,i m Plantation we disi ussed togetbei because da* saan pi plei ill b< applied to
.,11 the three different phases oi mi agio i 1 >jei <
llu- primarj energj source thai will be used during th« thre< differ) m
ptojeci is hydrocarbon fuel oil. A substantial volume of fuel oil will be r< |
..,,,„ gets, sawmfl] machines, portable chainsaws, etc.) and rehi
, tes, trucks, jinfcers, etc) during me construction and operational ph i
Ofl cuts from me sawmill operations will also be reuse as a fuel source by employ
boiler fuel
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENT ~ S0
Ili-Wawas Integrated Rural Development Project, East New Britain Province.
X >■■-
tiuntty
Mg E»«* Can ip
.,.<^
Logging Ba*e Camp
"Wnxinx * «««
*?
LUQUbw BMi Bwn(
•Wan .
KMJ i mo.ooo
PROPOSED AGHICULTUHE AREA
MM0NMIONMM
WNHt MHO
EKISmiOrtOAD
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